Economics

Romanyuk N.K., Yerysh L.A.

Donetsk national University of Economics

and Trade named after M. Tugan-Baranovsky, Ukraine

ANALYSIS OF THE SYSTEM-BASED APPROACH

Successful functioning of the modern industrial and commercial enterprise being an integrated and open social and economic system is determined by management system elements interaction efficiency within the organization and organization itself with external business environment.

System-based approach is the methodological basis of the modern social systems study, the enterprise's management system being one of those.

Introducing the system based methods of research into the modern science has been prepared with the entire prior development of philosophical and scientific cognition [1, p. 9].

The concept in question emerged being determined on one hand by the summarizing experience of specialists on the operations research and on the other hand by the development of the general theory of systems ,the theory of automated regulation and managing as well as cybernetics which provided methodological tools enabling to combine heterogeneous managerial tasks into integral unity [2, p.272].

It is the system–based approach (SBA) that acquires nowadays the greater popularity in the process of developing and grounding managerial decisions in a greater variety of economic branches in Europe and the USA. “It becomes evident and conventional that system-based methodology emerges as the most structured and reliable basic for managing complex spheres of interactional activity enabling to depict and analyze components included into the system and subsequently combine them with one another” [2, p.272.]

Researching into any phenomena of processes is to be started with the study of their springs and sources. Knowing the evolution aspects of events enables us to penetrate into the essence of the phenomena to be studied, to identify the premise of there emerging and development, to ground the truthfulness of treatments.

Chronological principle of the life cycle stages study of the system-based approach (SBA) which has become one of the basic methodologies of the modern science accompanied by the systematization of the of the confirmed facts of emerging, developing, dissemination of the system targeted methodology provide clearer vision of historical roots of system methods formation within the frameworks of different social and economic structures which preconditioned various directions of system studies usage.

Wide and diverse utilization of the cognitive tools of SBA requires detailed research into the evolution of scientific thinking, ontological and gnosseological foundations of system-based research targeted understanding the essential content of the SBA to be the methodology of the research in question. SBA evolution is to be considered alongside with the history of society development, the history of philosophy and stages of different natural sciences development and other sciences.

Significant contribution into the development of SBA as the general methodology of research has been made by the fundamental works of the Russian and Ukrainian scientists namely I.V. Blawberg, V.N.Volkova, D.V. Gwyshiany, E.P. Golubkov, V.M. Glushkov, V.N. Sadovsky, A.I. Uyemov, E.G. Yudin etc.

As far as foreign scientists who started to develop SBA the following are to be mentioned: P. Anoff, Ch. Barnard, D. Klyland [3], L. von Bertalanffy [4], St. Beer, D. Dicson, F. Kast, E. Quade, V. King, E. Kuntz, O. Lange, and many others.

Much has been done, but the issues of staging the development of system-based approach ideas within organization management as well as the issues of terminology (cognitive tools) which manifest themselves within a contradicting character and a multitude of definitions of the system-based approach (SBA) key concept still require further and thorough study.

The lack of comprehensive theoretical groundings for deep inside understanding of etymological and lexical meaning of the widely used expression such as system based approach, system based analysis, system analysis alongside with yet ambiguous and not well defined methodology of system based approach needs nowadays clear and grounded formalization of a/m definitions.

The main objective of the methodology of science falls within analysis and clarification that is fine explanation of what is being done in modern science and, what is of major importance, what is to be done. Roughly speaking if within the methodology of science we are going to use the term “system” the meaning of that term is to correlate with the meaning of this term assigned to it by science and adopted by the majority of scientists. The same is to be said about other terms used including those mentioned above (“system based approach”, “system based analysis”, the general theory of systems, systemology, structural research etc).

So, the systems–based approach is the basis of the methodology of scientific research.

National and foreign scientists have made their contribution to the theoretical development of the problem.

Bibliography:

1. Садовский В.Н. Основания общей теории систем. – М.: Изд-во «Наука», 1974. – 278 с.

2. Гвишиани Д.М. Организация и управление. - М.: Изд-во МФТУ им. Баумана, 1998. – 434 с.

3. Клиланд Д., Кинг В. Системный анализ и целевое управление. Пер. с англ. - М.: «Советское радио», 1974. – 280 с.

4. Bertalanffy, Ludwig von. General System Theory. N. Y., 1968