G.Taubaeva
The senior lecturer of Kazakh National Pedagogical
University
named after Abay, Kazakhstan, Almaty
Modern system of preparation of teachers on preschool education in
Republic Kazakhstan
The solution of
problems of updating of an educational system in Republic of Kazakhstan causes
necessity of search of reserves of new ideas, concepts thanks to which the exit
on the international level of preparation of pedagogical shots is possible. In
standard-legal documents in the sphere of education it is underlined that in
modern conditions the society needs the experts who are able initiatively,
independently to solve difficult professional and vital problems, owning
achievements of the science, able to practice, apply and increase the received
knowledge and the ability, possessing flexibility of thinking, the creative
approach and resource in quickly changing situations, bearing responsibility
for results of own activity and focused on effective self-education.
So, in a
governmental program of a development of education of Republic of Kazakhstan
for 2010-2020 necessity of updating of the maintenance and structure of
pedagogical education taking into account traditions, world experience and
principles of a sustainable development [1] are marked.
The modern system
of preparation of pedagogical shots is characterized by increase attention to
problems of sphere of preschool education. The quality of public preschool
education is caused first of all by structure and competence of teachers, level
of their psychological-pedagogical and special preparation as they are the
conductors in practice of training and education of preschool children of
modern scientific achievements.
One of the ways
of the solution of this question is perfection of system of preparation of
experts in the preschool education, called at high level to carry out
educational activity.
Pedagogical
activity in the preschool organizations represents the difficult phenomenon
including object and subject of activity, target, substantial,
operational-active and evaluative-productive components [2].
Preparation of
pedagogical staff on preschool education in Republic of Kazakhstan is under
construction on the national model of formation focused on result, assuming the
preparation of the expert of the new formation owning European
multiculturalism, communicativeness, capable to solve creatively and
professionally on modern scientific and practical levels with advantage for a
problem society in a pedagogical field of activity.
There are
researches who worked out of theoretical and practical problems of teachers’
preparation on preschool education. Including works of such scientists as:K.T.
Sheryazdanova, K.Mendajahova, A.Amirova, T.Levchenko, B.Arzanbaeva, G.Taubaeva,
A.Iskakova, etc.
The operating
state general educational standard «Preschool education and training» of
education of Republic of Kazakhstan provides reception by students of common
cultural level and professional training [3].
The basic
attention is given to fundamental psychological-pedagogical preparation on
basis of which students seize modern pedagogical technologies. So, in a cycle of basic disciplines are included: the
pedagogics, preschool pedagogics, history (the general and preschool) pedagogics,
ethnic pedagogics, the general psychology, children's psychology, the age
psychology, etc. teaching of which is carried out on 1-2 courses.
Basic types of
the lesson are lectures, seminars, teamwork of students with teachers. Modern
means of media and mass communications can't replace lecture, but it is spent
more flexibly, differentially, considering features of studied discipline,
specificity of audience, psychological laws of knowledge, processing of heard
material, its influence on formation of estimations, relations, sights,
feelings and belief of the student.
At reform of
curricula republic’s high schools are not limited with "additives" in
curriculums, but new courses of ideas of multiculturalism are entered. Didactic
installation of such courses as, "Wellbeing", «Formation of communicative competence of children of preschool
age», «Arts and crafts of the people of Kazakhstan», «the Organization of
cultural-leisure activity» is directed on moral-spiritual education of students
etc.
For
the future teachers of the preschool organizations the problem it is vital
important to learn to perceive ideas, values, traditions, customs, culture of
the various people. The known Kazakh poet-educator of last times Abay
Kunanbayev wrote: «It is necessary to study in order to learn what other people
know, to become equal among them, to become protection and a support for the
people». [4].
In spite of the
fact that in republic the wide experience on preparation of experts of
preschool education is saved up, high schools still have variety serious
problems:
- Perfection of
scientifically-methodical bases of preparation of pedagogical staffs on
preschool education;
- Working out of
monitoring of level of competence of the future expert in preschool education;
- Working out of
computer training programs and electronic textbooks;
- Increase of
level of research and design activity of students.
References
1. A government
program of a development of education of Republic of Kazakhstan for 2011-2020. – Astana, 2010.
2. The program on
maintenance of children with preschool education and training of
"Balapan" for 2010-2014. – Astana, 2010
3. The state
obligatory standard of formation of Republic Kazakhstan. Preschool education
and training. – Astana, 2009.
4. A government
program of Republic of Kazakhstan "Cultural heritage". – Astana,
2004.