Kazakh drama

Shapauov Alibi

Doctor, Associate Professor. Kokshetau State Univtrsity n.a. Sh.Ualikhanov.

Kazahstan. E-mail: shapau@mail.ru

Kazakh drama appeared at the beginning of the XX century. It is the later than dramas of other nationalities, it look a worthy place in literature. Kazakh drama has its own pecularities in its development. Literatury men should pay attention to this genre of literature which developed according to the changes and wishes of time.

Nowadays Kazakh drama is special one and it is still developing. Several valuable works were written at the result of special researches of Kazakh main dramaturgs.

The first writers of Kazakh literature were M.Auezov, G.Aimautov, B.Mailin, K.Kemengerov, I.Zhansugurov, S.Mukanov, G.Musrepov. It is known that their prosaic works won the place in theatre as plays. Such writers as Abishev, Nurpeisov, Akhtanov, Muchamedzhanov, Zhunusov, Isabekov and others continued and developed this tradition successfully.

“Traditions of drama” the works of M.Auesov, B.Mailin, are viewed as a traditional research. According to this fact we put the following problems: 1) to look through the works of S.Zhunusov from the scientific point of view, to pick out the best from the images and characters, to analyse the works published in periodical magazines, to find out problems of historical truth, to value the contribution of Zhunusov to kazakh children’s drama; 2) to reveal how the literary idea is realised in the Zhunusov’s works in theatrical productions.

According to all this the first part of monography is called “Problems of a conflict and characters in drama”.

The situation in drama is broad and the main idea of a drama. The society where main characters live, time, place – everything is developing thanks to situation.

The categories of a conflict and characters are the main categories of a dramatical work. The main difference between drama and prosaic work with a poetry is connected with innal world of antogonists. In works of Zhunusov antogonists are very bright and their struggle is active.

Kazakh children literature takes a special place in the research. These plays for chilfren don’t yield plays for adults. The second part of the monograph is called “The conflict and the character in comedy”.

The drama works are divided into tragedy, drama and comedy, each of these works can show us the nature and special features of the other form.

Comedy is one of the main forms of drama genre. The comedy work is the work of art, showing, criticizing, warning future generarions of negative deeds. The comedy is a funny work, which simultaneously making the mankind to ponder upon.

The obligatory condition of comedy work is the following: each element must generate laughter, the clothes of the characters, their words and answers must be fun.

For the first time comedy as the genre appeared in works of Auezov, Mailin, Shanin in national kazakh dramatic art. In Soviet period the development of comedy was limited in kazakh literature. The works of the first kazakh comedy writers answer the requirements of comedy genre.

The first writers of this genre are Mailin, Kusainov, Auezov, Shanin.

They took the main idea from the common life, they found their heroes from the common people. They prepared the performances and acquainted the inhabitants of Kazakh auls with dramatic art.

Between 1970-1990 there are such writers of comedy genre as Mukhamedzhanov, Adambekov, Tarazi, Zhunusov, Bokei and others. Drama writer Saken Zhunusov devoted several drama works to the comedy genre. Saken Zhunusov is glorious son of Kazakh people. He is a poet, drama writer and continuer of the creative work of comedy master Mailin.

The third part of the monograph is called “Artistic world in drama”. Kazakh linguists, using the great experience of russian and foreign linguistics, began to study the liguistic and stylistic special features of creation of famous Kazakh writers such as: Altynsarin, Kunanbaev, Kudaiberdiev, Kopeev, Toraigyrov, Auezov, Mailin, Mukhanov. Musrepov and others.

The process of transformation of prose work into strict drama work is not easy. In transformation’s process from narrative literature to drama on the first place must be: drama event, drama conflict, drama character and drama language. These are the main requirements of the genre. The most important element in characters’ relations in drama works is character’s speech.

We considered the artistic and liguistic special features of drama art of Zhunusov in two directions. For the first Zhunusov made the artistic analysis of the text.

For the second we used in his works such artistic means as: dialogue, monologue, intonation.

The main subject in drama works is dialogue. Dialogue is the mean, which allow thoroughly learn the hero’s character, his nature.

Drama dialogue and drama monologue - are the main parts of any drama work. It’s known that play is built on dialogue. In Zhunusov’s plays we can see different kinds of dialogue: dialogue – aitys, dialogue – conflict, dialogue – humour, hidden dialogue, psychological dialogue.

Drama works of Kazakh writers from 1970 till 1990 made great contribution to the national drama. They are very ponderable from the view of themes, idea, character of main heroes, content.

Literature:

1. Auesov M. Kazakh drama. A.: 1959.

2. Nurgali R. Poetik kazakh drama. A.: 1979.

3. Shapauov A. Traditions of kazakh drama. P.: 2004.