Sokol Galyna I., Rybalka Tatyana A.

Dnipropetrovsk National University

Elaboration and investigation of the acoustic method of elimination of Colorado beetle as element of a new ecological technology in protective means against plant vermin

It is commonly known that vibration and acoustic oscillations can cause both negative and positive influence on living organisms. In particular, the harmful effect of vibration on persons, working with jack hammers, on vehicles, is widely described in literature in details. There are some data about the harmful effect both of acoustic noises and tone acoustic oscillations on the human organism. The most harmful effect is caused by the oscillations, which frequency coincides with the resonance frequency of the whole body or separate organs. Taking into consideration the mentioned above information, it is possible to make a conclusion that there are prerequisites for creation of the acoustic method, having harmful or even mortal effect on Colorado beetle' organism.

The resonance frequency of rigid body is determined under the following formula , where k - rigidity, m - mass of body.

During the investigation of the vibration of the whole body or its separate organs, caused by the outer mechanical disturbance; the body should be considered as a construction or a system of mechanical elements, which have inertial, elastic, damping and other properties. The type and the character of equations, which describe the oscillating movements of the body of biological object or its' separate parts, are determined by the approved approximations and assumptions; the limits of application of which must be taken from the main laws of physic phenomena, being investigated.

Generally, the mechanic of biological constructions is commonly considered on the level of organs. In most cases, the tissues are considered to be biological materials. Conditionally, the constructions are separated into constructions, consisting of solid biological materials (bones) and into constructions, consisting of soft materials (muscles, vessels, lungs, heart and others). In order to structure mathematical model of biological object it is necessary to carry out experimental investigations of the object's physic-mechanical and structural characteristics. That is why, the development of a method of breaking of bodies, organs, tissues of analogue object is possible only with the application of the influence of an oscillating character.

So, the elimination of the Colorado beetle as a biological object, which is a viscoelastic system, is possible by the exposure to it with vibration and acoustic oscillation. It is necessary to know the data, relating the mass of a beetle and its' rigidity. Also, a question about the frequency band of the exposure is arising. The author carried out the experiments on determination of the mass "m" and the rigidity "c" of the Colorado beetle' body. The experiment' subject were 8 beetles with the mass of 100 - 200mg. The frequency of the oscillations' effect is 500 - 2500Hz. On the basis of the data of the outer inspection the biological death `is registered for the beetle of the mass 100mg after the influence of the 1500Hz frequency after the exposure of the vibration. On the basis of these data the rigidity of a Colorado beetle' body is k = 8,86 * 10³ N/m.

The experimental investigations of the acoustic effect on the Colorado beetle' body were carried out. The mass of tested beetles was 100 -120mg. The time of the acoustic waves' effect was 2 - 3,5min. The frequency of emission waves was 900 - 1100Hz.

The beetle was hung in a gauze bag from the side of vibration stand, with the distance between the surface of the vibration stand' table of 0,2 - 0,7m. The level of the noise pressure was determined by the microphone of the ИШВ - 1 sound level meter. The microphone was located near the beetle. Registered level of the noise pressure was 95-120 dB. Examination of the beetles directly after the radiation showed that: the beetle of 110mg mass did not show the evidences of life; that beetle was hung on the distance of 0,2m from the vibration stand' table and was exposed to the acoustic waves of 1000Hz frequency in duration of 2 minutes, the noise level was 120dB. The examination of the beetles after 6 hours showed that the biological death of the mentioned beetle did take place. The repeated examination of the beetles after 24 hours showed the biological death of all the beetles, exposed to acoustic influence.

In order to determine the patent clearance of the acoustic method of the Colorado beetle' elimination and the device for its performing, a review of the patent literature on the existing methods and devices for the Colorado beetle' elimination was comprised. As a result of the review, a conclusion can be made that the acoustic method of the Colorado beetle' elimination and the appropriate device are not worked out at the present moment.

That is why the author had comprised and transferred a request on the suggested invention "Acoustic Method of Colorado Beetle' Elimination and Device for its Performance" N97041627 of 07.04.97 to the patent department of the Ukraine. The patent is received (N 25548. Ukraine, А01М 1/4.1 /08.- 1998).

The invention refers to agriculture, in particular to the means and devices for the harmful insects' elimination. The task of improving of the means of the Colorado beetle' elimination by the way of the influence of the acoustic oscillations on the beetle' body and organs was put into a basis of the invention; that leads to reduction of the laboriousness of the work, relating the Colorado beetle' elimination, with a simultaneous exclusion of toxicity under performing such work..

LITERATURE

1. Дуплищева О.М., Сокол Г.И., Московцев О.С. Летучая С.А. Определение жёсткости и резонансной частоты тела колорадского жука // Друга між нар. Конф. “Наука і освіта” 15-30 січня 1999 Київ – Дніпропетровськ – Луганськ - Черкаси – Дніпродзержинськ: Тези доповідей. Т. 8. - С.154.

2. Sokol A., Sokol G. The Acoustic Method for the Destruction of the Colorado Beetle // Konf. GAMM 99, Metz, France. 2001. – P. 236.

3. Сокол Г.І., Сокол А. В., Сокол Т.В. Акустичний спосіб знищення колорадського жука і пристрій для його здійснення. - Патент на винахід № 25548. Україна, А01М 1/4.1 /08.- 1998.