Õèìèÿ è õèìè÷åñêàÿ òåõíîëîãèÿ/ 6. Îðãàíè÷åñêàÿ
õèìèÿ
ÓÄÊ 541. 128. 66. 094.
The catalyst for obtaining of Furan
Bitemirova À. Å., Baimenoba
U.S., Kerimbekova Z.M.
International Kazakh-Turkish university
named after H.A.Yassawi,
Shymkent, Kazakhstan
Resume: Increasing
of catalyst activity for decarbonizing of Furfurol into Furan is reached in results of modifying of the 1% Pd/ Sibunit putted catalyst by addition of Co
and Ni.
As a result of research the Furan output reaches up
to 97-98 %, and the stability - 407-408 hours.
The oxided Zn-Cr-Mn catalyst for decarbonizing of Furfurol was earlier known [1]. However it poorly productive, it is quickly nonactivated, process is carried out at rather
severe conditions, that causes the intensive Furfurol pitching. The “Pd at a corner” catalyst (ÊDF-1),
consisting from 96,5 % of coal of the mark ÀÐÂ, 1,8 % Ðd and 1,5 % Ñs, had been
studied in work [2]. However the specified catalyst has the low activity, and
it is astable. Also the putted Pd/ Sibunit
catalysts [3] is investigated for hydrogenization
of Furfurol in Furfuril spirit.
The purpose of the present work is the study of the catalytic activity of
the Pd catalysts, putted on the Sibunit (porous carbon received from carbohydrates
raw material of petroleum), in reactions of Furfurol decarbonilization.
Preparation of catalysts.
For obtaining of 40 g of the 1 % Pd on the Sibunit (Pd\ C *) the 0,34 g PdCl2
and 0,68 g NaCl are dissolved in 100 sm3 of the distilled water at
40-50 0C at continuous mixing till complete dissolution of PdCl2
within 0,5 hours. The 40 g of Sibunit powder is added in a solution and mixed within
1 hours. Then the dropped out deposit is filtered and washed by water from Cl-
ions and dried up in a drying case at 110-150 0Ñ.
Further the depositing of Co or Ni on the granules (size - 1-2 mm) of the
1 % Pd\ Sibunit catalysts are carried out by a method of sedimentation from a
water solution of the Co(NO3 )2 or Ni( NO3 )2. After complete sedimentation of the
specified metals ions (visually is checked by a change of colour of a solution
and by chemical methods of the analysis) on the carrier the catalysts are washed
out, are dried in a drying case at 110 0Ñ within 24 hours.
Activity
of the Pd\ Sibunit catalysts with the Co and Ni additives is tested on the flowing
device for reaction of continuous
experience. Take the 40 g of the catalyst with diameter of granules 1-2 mm and Furfurol
that freshly overtaked, previously purified above CaO.
Activation of catalysts are carried
out in reactor at 1800Ñ for 1 hours and at 2200Ñ for 2
hours in a current of hydrogen. The products of reaction are analyzed on the chromatograf
"LHÌ - 8ÌD". The activity of the catalyst is expressed in percentage of
Furfurol conversion from transformed Furfurol; the stability of the
catalyst – from the time of realization of the Furfurol decarboniliuzation.
Results of continious Furfurol decarbonilization
on the modified additives of the Co Pd/Sibunit catalysts are presented in the table 1.
Table 1 - Furfurol decarbonilization
on the Pd\ Sibunit catalysts modified by the Co additives. Temperature 160-280 0Ñ, 280-380 0Ñ
|
N |
Compound of catalyst, mass.% |
Time of experience, hour |
The average output of decarbonilization
products, %. |
Activity,% |
Selectivity,% |
|||
|
Pd: Co: Sibunit |
Ô-í |
Ñ-í |
ÒÃÔ |
Ô-ë |
||||
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 |
0,8
0,5 98,7 Total 1,0 0,8 98,2 Total 1,0
1,2 97,8 Total 1,2
2,0 96,8 Total For comparison 0,7
0,4 98,9 Total 1,3
2,1 96,6 Total 1,0
- 99,6 Total Known coal of the mark 1,8
1,5 ÀÐÂ 96,6 Total |
225 150 375 238 156 394 247 160 407 243 156 399 210 160 370 234 147 381 213 141 354 161 109 37 307 |
96,5 96,0 97,0 96,2 97,2 97,0 98,0 96,7 95,5 93,2 95,0 94,5 97,0 92,5 93,3 93,2 82,5 |
1,2 1,5 0,9 0,7 0,5 0,4 0,2 0,7 1,4 1,8 0,1 0,6 1,3 1,5 1,76 1,70 1,3 |
1,5 1,8 1,8 2,0 1,8 2,3 1,5 2,0 1,3 0,4 1,2 2,0 0,7 2,0 0,7 0,5 0,6 |
0,5 0,7 - 1,0 0,3 0,2 0,3 0,5 1,5 4,0 3,3 2,5 - 0,8 3,5 4,0 1,0 14,0 |
99,0 99,3 99,7 98,9 99,5 99,7 99,7 99,4 98,6 96,5 98,0 97,5 99,2 96,5 96,0 96,5 85,5 |
97,5 96,6 97,3 97,3 98,0 97,3 98,3 97,3 96,8 96,6 96,2 95,0 97,8 95,8 97,2 96,5 96,5 |
From table is visible, that the catalysts with
the Co additives both on activity, and on stability surpass the catalysts
without Co and industrial KDF-1. The greatest activity approximately 99 % and
stability 394-407 hours the 1 % Pd\ Sibunit catalysts modified by 0,8-1,2 % Co are revealed, the output of Furan reaches
97-98 %.
Tests
for 0,8-1,2 % Pd\ Sibunit catalysts modified by Ni additives within the limits of 0,5-2,0 % to weight of
Sibunit similarly are carried out.
The results of Furfurol decarbonilization are given in the table 2.
Table 2 - The results of Furfurol decarbonilization on the Pd/Sibunit
catalysts, modified by Ni additives
|
N |
Compound of catalyst, mass.% |
Time of experience, hour |
The average output of decarbonilization
products, %. |
Activity,% |
Selectivity,% |
|||
|
Pd: Ni: Sibunit |
Ô-í |
Ñ-í |
ÒÃÔ |
Ô-ë |
||||
|
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 |
0,8
0,5 98,7 Total 1,0
0,8 98,2 Total 1,0
1,2 97,8 Total 1,2
2,0 96,8 Total For comparison 0,7
0,4 98,9 Total 1,3
2,1 96,6 Total 1,0
- 99,6 Total Known coal of the mark 1,8
1,5 ÀÐÂ 96,6 Total |
230 154 384 242 161 403 250 164 414 248 160 408 210 160 370 234 147 381 213 141 354 161 109 37 307 |
96,0 94,0 96.5 95.5 97,0 96,0 97.6 96,6 95,5 93,2 95,0 94,5 97,0 92,5 93,3 93,2 82,5 |
1,5 1,7 0,5 0,9 1.0 0,7 0,9 1.0 1,4 1,8 0,1 0,6 1,3 1,5 1,76 1,70 1,3 |
2.3 3.0 2.0 2.9 1,5 2,0 1,5 1.5 1,3 0.4 1,2 2,0 0,7 2,0 0,7 0,5 0,6 |
0,02 1.2 0.6 1,4 0,2 1.0 0,5 0,9 1.5 4.0 3,3 2,5 0,8 3,5 4,0 1,0 14,0 |
99,8 98.7 99,0 99.4 99,5 99,0 99,9 99,6 98,6 96.5 98,0 97,5 99,2 96,5 96,0 96,5 85,5 |
96.2 95.2 97,5 96.0 97.5 97,0 97.1 97,0 96.8 96,6 96,2 95,0 97,8 95,8 97,2 96,5 96,5 |
From the
data of the table 2 follows that the Ni additive exert positive influence both on activity and on
selectivity of the specified catalysts on the Furan. The stability is higher on 30-50 hours than at nonpromoted 1 % Pd\ Sibunit catalysts.
Literature