Экономические науки/10.Экономика предприятия.
Гогия Е.С.,
Белан Н.В.
Донецкий национальный
университет экономики и торговли
имени Михаила
Туган-Барановского
The essence and role of small
business in terms of transition to market relations
One of
the most common definitions of business said that the "business" - is
any activity aimed at making profit through the provision of other necessary
goods and services. An important part of business structure, is a "small
business". The purpose of the work is to point out the role of small
business in economy.
World
experience and practice suggest that an important element of market economy is
the existence and interaction of large, medium and small enterprises. This
small business is considered not only as a supplement to more production, as
well as an independent form of functioning and development of modern productive
forces. Of special importance of small businesses in transition to market
relations period is manifested in economic restructuring, accelerating
scientific and technological process, the formation of a new social stratum.
Small
business is one of the leading sectors, largely determines the pace of economic
growth, employment status, structure and quality of the gross national product.
The
most actual problem of market penetration of small businesses in conditions of
recent changes the economy of our country. While recovering from the economic
crisis we can not but mention the policies of small business support. The
emergence of a large number of companies will create new jobs, small business
is easier to manage in an uncertain rate of national currency, and it will bring real money not only into the budget of the
center, but to regions, as well which is especially important.
But in
order to avoid many mistakes that are inevitable in the formation of the new
trend in the Ukrainian economy, we must first learn from the ups and downs of
other countries in this field and with the account of conditions necessary for
the development of small businesses in our country.
Active
growth of the share of small enterprises in the economic structure of western
countries began to take place since the mid 70's - early 90-ies. Today, small
firms account for 70-90% of the total number of enterprises in the most
developed western countries. For comparison, we can take, for example with the
United States - where a small business employs 53% of the total population and
in Japan it is 71,7% in EU, similar enterprises employ nearly half the working
population. But these figures show the great importance of small businesses for
the economy of these countries.
Most
foreign countries are trying to attract outer funds to promote the development
of small businesses but not through the mobilization of the domestic market whit
the use of a system of benefits and public assistance. Financial stability of
the country directly depends on the implementation of the economic potential of
small businesses, opportunities and conditions for their financial security. An
effective system of public financial support is of great importance not only
for businesses but also for the economy.
In
conclusion, it is important to say that dynamism, development and
diversification of small businesses suggest that, the sector of farming in western
countries will also develop. In future our country is hoped to follow the
experience of foreign countries to adapt small business to modern economic
reality. Moreover, Ukrainian small and medium-sized businesses are not fully
utilized in production that could increase and improve its efficiency and
balance. Small business leads to a healthier economy as a whole. Therefore, the
best way out of the crisis in Ukraine would be a government policy aimed at
expansion and development of small businesses in our country.
References.
1. Muravieva A.I. and
other Small Business: Economics, organization and finances. - M., 2005.
2. Onischuk Y. financial support
of small businesses. / / Finance of Ukraine. 7, 2008.
3. Goncharova NV
Areas of integration processes in financial support for small business. / /
Finance of Ukraine. 7, 2003