Jamilya I. Izmailova, applicant

Farida A. Moiseieva, phD

Donetsk National university of economics and trade

named after M. Tugan-Baranovskiy, Ukraine

философия/2. социальная философия

HISTORICAL AND SPIRITUAL BACKGROUND

OF GLOBAL ECOLOGICAL CRISIS

In one of his poems by Berthold Brecht pointed out that people who are expressing their "experience", sawed trees, until the "no fly with a crash into the abyss." In these words of Berthold Brecht quite rightly portrayed the situation in which humanity was at the turn of XX-XXI centuries. This position is nothing but an environmental disaster, and therefore, the question arises: how can a creature who has given himself the name of the species Homo sapiens, was involved in a fatal traffic to collective disaster? In the first place, it begs an answer about this: a person is both subject and object of the ecological crisis is likely to renounce the ideal of wisdom, because wisdom tends to harmony, and not for destruction. According to V. Hesle, responsible for the ecological crisis was the man himself, as any other biological species was not possible until now to destroy a huge number of other species, thereby permanently altering the ecological situation on the planet. Consequently, it is necessary to assume that responsibility for predatory use of nature to assign it to the person intrinsic form of rationality. This creates the impression that the balance between different forms of human rationality radically shaken during a certain historical period. Indeed, some forms of rationality, in particular technical rationality, developing quite rapidly, while others are traditionally called wisdom, now do not develop completely, in fact, undergo regression.

Contact with nature is characterized by the fact that people outside the narrow confines of the relationship to her only as the "environment". You can say that the natural conditions are the "environment" of a person as long as they are now not only a "medium", but become 'space' for its development as a universal creative being. Accordingly, the environmental need of man is not something unchangeable and determined exclusively by the device of the human body. Need it develops historically, to grow together with the variety of emerging cultural needs and with all the spiritual and emotional sphere of man. Therefore, to talk about specifically human environmental needs without regard to its cultural and historical dimension it would be wrong.

Throughout its history, people, depending on the identity and level of social development needed in the varying nature and see it differently, creating different (mythological, religious, philosophical, artistic, scientific) images of nature in which they learned the self through nature and the nature of by itself. "Environmental issues" for a man - it is a question his way of being in nature, its place in the world, that person must win and maintain a continuous, mastering the elements and forces of nature as the conditions of its development. This feature of human ecological situation, the human ecological needs of the human environmental issue identifies and explores the philosophy of making the subject of consideration by the peculiarity of the human relationship to nature.

In our time, man's dependence on the nature of change in nature: a blind dependence gives way to deliberate. The central point of modern ecological situation - the need to rise to a new level of relationship with nature, implementing and developing the human connection with the progress made on the basis of features of scientific and technological progress, the need for a new organization of natural and economic activities of mankind as a planetary scale. Humanity must take a new step in its development, to transform existing social relations and worldviews.

A new level of relationship to nature is dictated, first of all, the urgent needs and challenges of modern social development. However, it can not be divorced from the past history of human interaction with nature. The interaction between man and nature, namely the dependence of human society from nature, does not preclude their active role in the existence and nature of development. Man - the "crown" of nature and at the same time has a brand new entity, the new features. Science and the work in the course of their development and improvement make a person infinitely powerful in its impact on the environment. On the scale of the infinite universe effect of society does not have any significant value. However, the scale of our planet, especially on the scale of the biosphere, the impact of human society much.

Nowadays, in modern scientific and technological revolution society has become the prime factor of functioning and development of nature as the biosphere. The emergence and development of human society led to a new stage of development as a natural biosphere. Begins the process of humanization, the humanization of nature, the transformation of the biosphere into the noosphere. Since then, the history of nature, the biosphere is connected with the history of mankind, its production and other activities.