definition of the ratio of ionized atoms,  to the number of neutral  at temperatures of 5000-15000 K

Sarsembaeva A.T, Takibayev N.Zh.

Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 480012, Kazakhstan

Atmosphere of the planet - a gas shell of a celestial body, held near gravitation. Between the atmosphere and interplanetary space there is no sharp border. Atmosphere can be considered as the area around of the celestial body in which the gas environment rotates together with it as an entity. The depth of the atmosphere of some planets consisting in basically from the gases [1]. The processes occurring in the solar atmosphere are diverse and depend on many important factors. For example, from magnetic fields, their sudden changes, from emissions of substance from the depths of the Sun, distribution of shock waves and plasma jets, etc.

For example, consider what happens with counter flows of gas at the border of spicules in the chromosphere. Chromospheric spicules – individual gas streams, which rise or fall at a speed of about ~ 20 km/sec. In the counter flows of gas - plasma substance at the boundary of the chromospheric cells in the border area between streams occur a collision of atoms and molecules of the oncoming flows, that is resulting for increased dissociation molecules and ionization of atoms and molecules. In this area – an area of "friction" of gas streams, generated positive and negative ions, mainly it is hydrogen radicals , and some of the free electrons [1].

Consider the ionization of gas molecules in the solar atmosphere at different temperatures. In collisions of hydrogen molecules occur as dissociation and ionization [1]. We write, for example, reactions that require a significant amount of energy on

For concentration of the positive ion formula of Saha will have the form[2]

. (1)

where – the energy of dissociation, и - the statistical weights of the ionized and neutral states of the atom [3], - electron mass, - electron pressure.

T, К
5000	1.69692×10^-6
6000	5.0813×10^-5
7000	1.1043×10^-4
8000	2.5823×10^-3
9000	3.1035×10^-2
10000	0.2332
11000	1.24279
12000	5.10643
13000	17.1549
14000	49.1415
15000	123.806

Table 1. The ratio of ionized atoms  to the number of neutral  at temperatures of 5000-15000 K.

These data show that hydrogen is transferred from a completely neutral state to a complete ionization state. When increasing the temperature, increasing the number of  ionized atoms.

References

1. Dubovichenko S.B., Takibaev N.Zh., Chechin L.M. - The physical processes in the far and near space. The Series “Kazakhstan space research”, // “Daik-Press”, Almaty, 2008, p. 281.

2. Martinov D.Y. The course of practical astrophysics. Moscow: Nauka, 1977.

3. Lebedev V.S., Presnyakov L.P., Sobelman I.I. // Advances in Physical Sciences Т. 173, 2003, p. 491-510.