Engineering science/4. Transport
N.Danijarov, B.Togizbaeva
The
Karaganda state technical university, Kazakhstan
CLASSIFICATIONS OF PROCESS OF ACCUMULATION OF MOUNTAIN WEIGHT
Many processes in manufacture are
connected with the expiration of loose materials. These processes on their course
are diverse and изменчивы. The expiration of loose materials is influenced by a
number of the factors which studying is caused by necessity and requirement of
manufacture and, in particular, requirement of mountain-ore manufacture.
As
a result of researches of domestic and foreign scientists, and also manufacture
experience it is established that the phenomenon сводообразования loose
materials in bunkers is its natural property which is shown in the loose bodies
which are in boundary conditions. Static and dynamic сводообразование it is
observed at any kind of the expiration of a loose body. Its influence on
technological and technical reliability of bunker installations undoubtedly. It
is proved by long-term experience эксплуатаций bunker devices.
Bunker devices apply in installations of
three types: accumulating, levelling and technological. Heat-sink installations
serve for storage of loose materials and are supplied by devices for loading
and unloading of capacities, весоизмерительными devices, etc. Leveling
installations are intermediate capacities for the loose materials, providing
stable work of transport system at non-uniform work of its separate links or at
a combination in one line continuously and periodically operating transport.
Technological installations serve for time storage of loose intermediate
products of manufacture.
Bunker
devices consist of bunkers, loading and unloading devices, побудителей the
expirations плохосыпучих materials, shutters, feeders, automation and control
devices.
The big
distinction of physicomechanical properties of accumulated materials, terms of their
storage and the demanded expense has led to that now there is a significant
amount of the bunkers different from each other by a configuration,
appointment, a parity of the sizes, the form of an unloading aperture.
The
basic types of bunkers can be classified to following signs:
- a profile of walls;
- the bunker form;
- the form of an unloading aperture.
Process of accumulation of mountain weight
in the bunker includes the basic functional operations: loading, cargo
distribution in capacities and an unloading. Each of these operations can be
carried out in certain cases in the mechanised way or under the influence of a
body weight. Functional processes and elements of technological operations we
will express through alphabetic symbols for a designation of mechanisms and we
will accept symbols of kinds of communication between structural elements. By a
combination of functional elements of loading, distribution of mountain weight
and an unloading and communications between them 24 structural formulas
describing process of accumulation of cargo in the bunker can be received.
The researches spent by professors Solod И. it is established that between the functional
cars making structure of mechanisation of any technological process exists
three kinds of communication: technological (-), kinematic (+) and constructive
(.)
The analysis of structural formulas shows
that the bunker represents structurally aggregated unit with set of
functionally isolated means of mechanisation of loading, distribution and the
cargo unloading, described by the following formula:
С = L - B - U
Where And - process of accumulation of
cargo;
L - Means
of mechanisation of loading;
B - means
of mechanisation of distribution of cargo in the bunker;
U - means
of mechanisation of an unloading;
(-) – technological communication between functional elements.
Technological communication between
elements, is characterised by necessity in the course of work to carry out
actions as agreed actions of means of mechanisation in time and on
productivity.
Then, for mechanisation of technological
process of accumulation of mountain weight in the presence of kinematic
communication between elements the formula describing system of mechanisation
looks the following
С = L + B + U
In the presence of constructive
communication between functional elements
С = L . B . U
Such structural ordering allows to carry
out purposefully in each specific case search not only optimum designs of
bunkers, but also to choose the most rational technological schemes of process
of accumulation of mountain weight in the bunker.
One of actual problems on perfection of
technological work of the bunker is restoration of flowability of mountain
weight. For the decision of this problem we had been offered the structural
formulas considering all kinds of communications between functional
elements.
The resulted formulas describe structure
of schemes of mechanisation of process of accumulation of mountain weight where
functional elements are structural elements of the base formula which describes
the standard scheme of technological process of accumulation of mountain
weight. In it all functional features of means of mechanisation of this process
are distinctly expressed.
The list of the used sources
1. Подземные
механизированные бункера / Мерцалов Р.В., Солод Г.И., Трухин П.М. и др. – М.
Недра, 1985 с. 224