Pedagogical
sciences / 4. Strategic directions of reforming of an education system
The candidate of
pedagogical sciences Schepkina N.K.
The Amur State University, Russia
EDUCATION
OF PRISONERS
AS
THE FACTOR OF THEIR RE-EDUCATION
In article problems of reorganisation
of educational system of correctional facility in a direction of its
humanisation are covered. The technology of designing of innovative
development of continuous formation condemned with introduction of system of
higher education in correctional facilities is resulted.
Keywords: formation, educational
system, an educational program, re-education, the correctional facility, prisoners.
One
of the social aim of a society is offenders’ reformation who (offenders) have
fallible or perverted views, beliefs and opinions, a social life position with
very expressed negative traits of a personality. That is why re-education of
such people is connected with their overcoming the existing system of
antisocial behavior together with changing of their moral world, values,
personality’s qualities and traits of character. The point of such purposeful
activity is re-education of criminals through deprivation of freedom for
returning to the normal common life to the civilized stratum of culture which
is common for our society after exoneration.
Re-education
in penitentiary institutions is an integrative organically interconnected
system of different aspects: from the one side it is the aim which determines
and systematizes the whole disciplinary activity; from the other side is the
pedagogical process. According to the article 110th of the Criminal Executive
Code of the Russian Federation there are moral, legal, labor, physical and
other types of upbringing in penitentiaries.
But
there is also the third aspect. It is upbringing as an internal process of
qualitative change of consciousness feelings and behavior of offenders.
According to such way of upbringing we can say that reformation is change of
conscious and behavior of personality. In the article 9th of the Criminal
Executive Code of the Russian Federation the concept of re-education is given
as formation of respectful relation to human-beings, society, labor, norms,
rules and traditions of people’s community by criminals and stimulation of
their obedient behavior. It means formation of the system of moral relations to
social remarkable objects by offenders.
We
should understand that offenders must re-educate by themselves under wise
influence. The result of this re-education is changes of a personality. There
is nothing about character and reasons of these changes in the notion, that’s
why the role of the specifically planned and organized social-pedagogical
process directed to social adaptation of an individuality of an offender rises
in penitentiaries.
Routine,
labor and studies are the main means of reformation of offenders in the
Criminal Executive Code of the Russian Federation. There is a lot of
information about the role of labor activity and its social side in the
pedagogical literature. Labour possesses such qualities as constancy and
systematicness. Sad to say at present under objective reasons it becomes more
difficult for penitentiaries to organize socially useful labor among offenders.
It may result in definite intensity among offenders, loss of such qualities as
industry, conscientious relation to labor, need to spend an honest life-type,
respect to social property and etc.
According
to the new Criminal Executive Code of the Russian Federation colonies are
called “reformatory” and that determines the role of rise of educational and
cultural levels in upbringing and rehabilitation of criminals. The Criminal
Executive law points out the necessity to get elementary education by offenders
who are under 30 years old. In penitentiary institutions offenders may get not
only elementary education but also primary professional education and under
some conditions professional higher education.
At
present offenders have a possibility to study distantly or by correspondence in
state and commercial institutions of higher education. In order to adopt the
system of higher education to one of Russia’s region the author worked out and
realized an educational program called “Development of higher education system
in penitentiary institutions”.
The
educational program includes seven modules.
I.
Target module:
1.1
Estimation of the program’s purpose,
its aims and currency.
1.2
Scientific bases of optimal
educational system’s modeling.
1.3
Identifying of logic and the
structure of the educational program.
II.
Analytic module:
2.1
Characteristic of the basic ground.
2.2
Analysis of higher education
institution’s resources for realization of the educational program.
III. Diagnostic module:
3.1
Finding out educational causes and
needs of offenders.
3.2
Testing of readiness to co-operation
and the level of professionalism of educational establishments’ teachers
working in penitentiary institutions for partner relations’ development.
3.3
Finding out tendencies and interests
of teachers and colony’s workers to get higher qualification in higher
education institutions including their readiness to get higher education in
specialities which are taught in colonies.
IV. Projective module:
4.1
Analysis of modern understanding of
chosen direction of studies by offenders.
4.2
The research project of development
of higher education in penitentiaries (it is formed by characteristics of the
project: aims, tasks, subjects, objects, methods, steps, etc.).
4.3
Modeling of the optimal educational
system and projection of its further development.
V.
Program module of the educational program:
5.1
Development and approbation of the
content component of educational process (curriculum, work programs and etc.)
5.2
Methodic assurance of the
educational system, making integrative complexes, which are to support the
educational process by necessary resources.
5.3
Working the system of management and
coordination of educational activity to realize the state educational standard.
VI. Resource module:
6.1
The basic assessment of
possibilities to realize the program.
6.2
The plan of realization of basic
modules of the education program.
VII. Control assessment
module:
7.1
Control-measure materials for
determination of the level and quality of educational readiness of criminals.
7.2
Criteria of assessment of
educational system’s effectiveness.
Introduction
of the educational program has being continued for seven years that let us
include a lot of criminals to educational activity. Our concept confirmed.
While studies the culture of offenders rises, their moral and social
rehabilitation and socialization realizes more effective.