*112973*

Al-Farabi Kazakh National University

School of “Philosophy and Political science”

Department of “Philosophy”

Doctor, professor Moldabekov Zh.Zh.

Master Turganbekov S.K.

DEVELOPMENT OF ISLAM RELIGIOUS

IDEOLOGY IN KAZAKHSTAN

ABSTRACT

In the article the issues of the day of modernization of islam culture, ideological functions of religion in modern society and strengthening of elucidative work, are examined in Kazakhstan. Authors an islam aktualiti comparableness, turkology and traditional kazakh cultures. Also negative circumstance of religious ideology and offers the functions of safety. Gives short-story description to the faith of XXI ch.

Keywords: Kazakhstan, ideology, religion, Islam.

Religion is one the most urgent issues in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Religion is defined as the unseen of individual, influence and resource of morality. There is no solution of this problem yet not only in the framework of one country, but in many countries as well. In Kazakhstan, where 70 % of population consider themselves as Muslims, take place negative effect of various religious movements. The state protects the religious values considering the best mechanisms to protect youth from the influence of false religious groups and movements. It is given great importance to unite values of society, religion and government [1].

In this regard, in 2011 the Republic of Kazakhstan adopted a law “On the religious activities and religious associations”, updated; in 2011-2012 country held chairmanship in the Organization of Islamic Conference which consists of 57 states [2]. On the 30^th of May Astana hosted the IV Forum of World and Traditional Religions. Kazakhstan is making efforts to revive the spiritual wealth of human values and Muslim culture, shows the way raising the role of spiritual wealth based on agreed peace and cooperation.

World crisis develops depression of the soul, a man stagger, builds various types of human failings. Some people are seeking for causes of the crisis in the social and economic difficulties, while others – in the approaches of different values, the third – in worsening of migration and poverty. It is true that all of this is happening. Unsolved problem on the background of life contradictions only exacerbates the inner anxiety and does not abate. Inwardly broken person cannot withstand the daily difficulties, shows indecision at a pressure. Inner feelings give rise to internal helplessness. There is lack of energy which leads to freedom and union. Absence of energy aggravates sense of timidity, endurance and inner isolation. The psychological experience binds actions of the person. All this inactivity pushes to backwardness. Its social disease and risk are gradually increasing. Interior broken person does not take into account the objective interest, cannot unite intention and desire to define human needs.

World is developing at the global and national level. World community is collecting their strengths for the common international and national goals, is increasing actions to combine four equal main objectives. They are tool interest to change living environment; informational interest to interconnect education and talent, and transform it to a new level; communicational interest to attract other people to the necessary actions, organizational interest which coordinates a joint creation, regulation and management actions [3].

Kazakhstan coordinates the typical kinds of interest in cultural heritage in tool, communicational, informational, organizational levels which are commonly used and makes a significant contribution to the implementation of public relations. There are two principles of presidential politics which are to make Islam as main religion and turn the conversation into a means of inter-religious cooperation. In the course of this policy, Culture of Islam will take the dominant role among religious institutions in our country, carried out the work on education and attitudes of its ideological function.

Today’s religious practices attach to particular importance to the consideration of Islam as an education holding moralistic and educational work within the framework of this education. These thoughts were repeated at two international meetings. On April 16 at the conference "Medieval scholars of Kazakh land and their role in the Islamic civilization" and April 19 on the initiative of the Department of Religion and Cultural Study hosted an international meeting with 12 scientists-theologians who had come from the four universities of Turkey. It was noted that the study of Islamic culture focuses on the educational work, propaganda about Islam and its teachings. What is missing in views about Islam?

First, the sensible notion of Islam, and secondly, humanistic tradition that perceives Islam as the root of spiritual culture. Sensible notion expands ways of opportunities and space which regards religion as an integral part of culture, and critically select service to it. Self-respecting man honors the humanity as a sacred power, believes mental Providence, and appreciates the human energy as Providence. Such a holistic energetic personality, firstly, develops convergence of religion and culture in philosophy, and secondly, develops within the tradition of humanistic, historical, rationalist terms [4].

Islam religion and its concepts are preached in the mosques for a long time. The obvious question is what level of experience of the Islamic enlightenment. Religious experience of enlightenment is not the same in the mosques. There is no scientific analysis of the problems of the enlightenment considering with the cultural character of the country and the national characteristic of the tradition.

Since the ideological scale of religious practice is not defined, the various religious movements continuously carry out activities in the framework of traditional religion. In Kazakhstan where exists 40 different preached in his own religion of Islam movements seems to compete with one another. Kazakhs look so indifferent at the current Muslim movements. In fact, why do we need so many movements, and who are they for? Although the population does not support the bundle, they do not know their reasons.

In fact, the issue of religious experience of the institutions did not undergo the systemic analysis in our country and at the international level as well. Hence try to identify the degree of effectiveness from this experience of mosques and churches. It's time to make a comparative analysis of religious enlightenment, takes the leadership of its spiritual dimensions and levels.

The necessity to raise enlightenment experience on a spiritual level is increasing. Spiritual initiative is the basis of the possibility of considering religion as a culture and systemic review of its scientific basis. Islamic culture has perfected art of using methods close to the human inner world. Islam expands the range of an internal call on request and demands of public life.

Kazakhstan formulated its own goals and objectives at the international level. They are civilization and security dimensions, economic, scientific and technical, environmental, cultural and humanitarian issues, and its cultural subtexts.

The Islamic world is in addition to geographical, political, economic, cultural and social bonds, increases its influence at the international level. Its religious experience builds on political, social and ideological situation in the country and adapts to it. However its religious relations in society and the religious consciousness of man are not always in harmony, the structure of today's religious outlook and the evolution of religious phenomena are not considered together. Negative views and conflicting trends concerning Islam are intertwined with the concepts of extremism, terrorism at the international level. Although the support of traditional religion is the same, they have different sponsors. The ruling forces foment conflict and strife among the believers, including Muslims.

When you hear and see the world's heart-breaking event, there are doubts about how to install any major religious outlook, and what will be supported now. In an era of struggle and clash again question which comes to mind is at what level is forming by the role of Islam and how it is evaluated.

Now Islam is understood in different meanings. The culture of Islam up to this time has been studied by religiously ideological, historical Arabic and religious study in our country, as is it able to continue this tradition now? The main issue that concerns many people is how many works carried out by the republican research center comprise scientific turnover?

In fact, what is the cultural basis of religion and how can it be? How does Islam foster the national culture? These issues cannot be perceived correctly, consistently, whole in terms of ideas at the level of propaganda. It may therefore increase the demand for the analysis of the perception of the concepts and principles of religious teaching in a positive philosophies and their systematization into one. If you consider any traditional religion, it is clear that there work different movements at the same time [5]. Ramified religious principles do not have enough synthetic and methodological functions, they need Islamic study.

Unfortunately the search form, the work of Islamic education subject matter was taken out of focus. How can this be explained? Now Kazakh scientific research examines a variety of traditional and non-traditional Islam and gives a brief explanation to them. Knowing that these flows freely walk and some members of the commit unlawful acts, we cannot establish the mechanisms and impact of the system. If the difficulty occurs, the theological direction and tradition of Islamic study and filled with supplement ways of philosophical, methodological and spiritual content in the execution of a respectable, professional work lack behind life.

Islam study is closely interrelated with philosophy, psychology, law, ecology and other branches of science, as well as with the idea of study of Turkic languages and Kazakh study. Their world view and human basis are bulky and corresponding. What is correspondence? Islam study a) examines transformation process between religion studies and national mode of life, b) tends to explain, propagate necessity and requirements of new world by appropriate religious language and notions. This rule indicates that an Islam study is not going to be isolated.

If we look at the history, we can see that cultural formation of Islam religion commences from the era of Golden century. Prominent scientists of Islam era such as Al-Kindi, Al-Farabi, Avicenna, Ibn-Rushd have extended the roots of human values and have complemented with achievement of national culture. Is it known that spiritual and cultural ascent was limited at the end of the middle Ages. Golden ages of Islam culture has been remembered as historical phenomena in memories of people. International interreligious moments were consolidated in this social stagnation related to religious generality and changed directions which define development of culture. Which factors influenced to the end of golden age of Islam culture is still great question for Islam study researchers. Of course, there is not only single and specific answer. Search requires broad scientific evidence and research.

Argument which says that change of Islam culture, religion and education in the last medieval centuries and change of range and direction leaded to stagnation could be mistaken, because it is not difficult to prove that given factors implemented their communicational role in a proper way so far and it became one of the actual issues of today’s world. But what is the level of contemporary Islam culture, religion and education compare to the Golden Ages? Our President N. Nazarbayev while giving his speech during the conference of Islam Cooperation Organization noted that there was no Nobel Prize Winner in science among Muslims appealing to revival of science. This reasoning showed the necessity of renewal of Islam world and was said not occasionally.

Kazakhstan cannot find decision about religious issue and its component Islam religion since independence. Last years we could observe some changes on Islam religion in our country. According to the law “About religious service and religious consolidation” of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the 6^th extraordinary national assembly of Kazakhstani Muslims was recorded historical peculiarities of Islam religion, was issued decree which provides propaganda of Abu Hanifa school of Sunni movement. “Muslims recognized Hanafi direction as traditional principle there. In this place on the territory of country all religious ceremony and praying in mosque must be correspond to it. All another contradicts to new law that is violation. Then new law is used to save unity and assent, friendship and solidarity of nations, and to strengthen it further. I repeat again: in last law on religion is obviously shown that Kazakhstani Muslims have to deal with majhab” – said Chairman of Religious Board of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Supreme Mufti, Sheikh Absattar Haji Derbisali in his interviews [6, p.9]. We can see 1) historical succession of hanafi-majhab; 2) people get closer to majhab and accept him; 3) legitimation, putting into force and implementation.

Views of Islam study scientists vary on explanation of origin of majhab in Islam, appearance of new movements, its reasons and consequences. There are enough scientific grounds for it, but it is required to have versatile analysis. For instance, one group of scientists consider variety of opinions and stratification in Islam as process occurred after the death of Prophet Muhammad, second group affirm that everything is explained in the sura of Koran, third group connect it with different social and political reasons of different period [7, p.90-91]. If we see it in general abstraction, it is well known that history of Christianity has undergone these procedures and experience. There could be somebody who would say that spiritual succession had another features, although we must not forget which level reached western culture, which is foundation and source.

Some voices of public opinion say that Kazakh people were originated from Turkic people. In this regard, revival issue of Turkic values is initiated not only in the framework of one country, but at the international scale with Turkic people. If we consider that it includes popular belief, it can expect to unite study of Turkic languages and Islam. Although there are some people who believe these two notions cannot be considered together for some reasons. There are enough contradictions in absorption and perception of Turkic popular beliefs by Islam and vice versa. In our opinion, such bulk and elemental scenes are not placed in human mind; they are created and are found decision by their own.

In this regard, the issues of revival Turkic values were initiated not only within one country, but also by Turkic people in the international arena. If we consider that there are beliefs, then you can count on the union of Turkic and Islam. There are people who consider these concepts separately for a reason. There are contradictions in the absorption of, perceptions of Islam Turkic beliefs and vice versa. In our opinion, such volume and natural phenomena are not installed in the mind of person; they are formed and find a solution themselves. If we talk about the dominant role of Islam within the country, it should be noted that the Kazakh traditions adapted and intertwined with it.

There is no doubt that the religious education which gives the mosque aims to humanity, moderation and tolerance. There are different types of education, but humanity is a wealth of religious education, how much can it give, how much necessity does person need and what generates this kind of education all these questions haunt. If 46 percent of Muslims are illiterate, then what is the level of literacy of our citizens and the role of education of humanity? If a person needs religious values, we can say that these values are branch of ethics. We understand ethical values as responsibility, the right to choose, the idea of freedom, and the culmination of it is rational thinking. If we look at Islam as a form of life, it begs the question what is the ethical and rational features of Islam in our country.

If we examine, organize, analyze ideological features of Islam in our country in terms of philosophy, it requires an interdisciplinary methodological and practical research on Islam in our society. We remembered that research on meaning and content of the Islamic religion in such sciences as sociology, psychology and philosophy is backward. Therefore, theoretical and intuitive features are more important than the theoretical and practical significance of the modern fundamental works.

Our country arranged integrity of the Islamic religious movements and anticipates the security measures: improving social conditions, is determined by its psychological premises, organize, fix the issue of migration and the online network on a legal basis. The resumption of the activities and the addition of ideological Islamic-appropriate social responsibilities need to originate civilization requirement. They are – the establishment of a free faith-related and institutional structure of institutionalized religious tradition based on religious practices, the implementation of the confessions in the formation of smooth and favorable conditions, to encourage inter-religious meeting.

CONCLUSION

Conduct of such religious education and a discussion of Islam indicate adaptation and update of Islam or belief to the XXI century. So we should identify the nature and content of the era of trust in our country. If you have the credential enlightenment, it is not necessarily taking place in the religious tendencies. Doubt arouses hope, hope arouses confidence undoubtedly. Just as religious faith has its own concepts and explanations, the credibility of the XXI century has its own concept. They are creativity, innovation, progress etc. which are alternative notions of old institutions. XXI century theologist or a believer may perhaps consider himself non-religious, but his faith is very strong. They are modern, active, creative and he should respect the freedom to choose another.

References:

1) The constancy. Unity. Update. The word that the President said at a session of XIX Assembly of Peoples of Kazakhstan Nazarbayev. // Sovereign Kazakhstan April 28, 2012.

2) Kazakhstan's chairmanship in the Organization "Islamic Conference" in 2011-2012.: Proceedings / Ed. Ed. BK Sultan. - Almaty: KISR on when the President of Kazakhstan, 2011. - 128 p.

3) KH Momdjian. On a flock typology of social groups. // Problems of Philosophy, 2012, № 1, p.41

4)Mezhuyev VM History, civilization, culture: the experience of philosophical research. St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg State Unitary Enterprise, 2011, p. 227-228

5) N. Kirabayev. About philosophical foundations of Muslim culture. // "AMANAT," 2011, № 3, p.178

6) Independent Kazakhstan April 20, 2012.

7) Kazakhstan range of 2012/2, with KISR on the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

BACKGROUND INFORMATION:

Moldabekov Zhahan Zhanbolovich:   doctor of philosophy science, professor - Department of Philosophy, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University. , School of Philosophy and Political Science, Department of Philosophy. E-mail:+7701-570-39-60;

Turganbekov Samat Kayratovich: Graduate master specialty of “Philosophy”, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, School of Philosophy and Political Science, Department of Philosophy. E-mail: turganbekov.samat@mail.ru;