PhD Ospanova Zh.Kh1, Sc.D., professor M.R. Khanturin1 ,

Sc.D., professor Isaeva A.U.2

1Eurasian National University named after L.N.Gumilev,

Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan,

 2Southern Kazakhstan state university named after M.Auezov,

 Shymkent city, Republic of Kazakhstan

Present state of zooplankton in waters of Southern Kazakhstan region

 

         Nowadays the study of biologic diversity is one of the actual problems of ecologic research [1]. Notwithstanding the continual explorations of algofloral and protozoid researches, regional flora of water-plants and elemental water reservoirs of Southern Kazakhstan, to which the rivers, lakes and reservoirs refer is almost not observed.

         Hydrobiologic characteristics of surface waters on the territory of Southern Kazakhstan oblast were provided on all water reservoirs. The research was conducted  in summer at the water temperature 20-24°C. Selection and processing of hydrobiologic samples were conducted  by standard methods [2,3].

         Zooplankton of Southern Kazakhstan water reservoirs was observed in summer of 2010. The research was conducted for the purpose of reservoirs ecologic forecasting. Generally  70 types of zooplankton were found out in South Kazakhstan  system of 18 rivers, 1 lake, 5 reservoirs and 2 ponds in total 26 water objects in summer 2010. They are divided into 2 types: Sarcomastigophora and Cilophora, 4 subtypes and 8 classes, and the type of rotifer Nemathelminthes – primary worms, belonging to the microscopic organisms with 2 classes. The basis of species diversity are Flagellates (60%), subdominants are infusorias (32,9%) and rotifers in parvo (4,3%) (picture 1).

 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               

 

Picture 1 – Distribution of zooplankton species diversity of South Kazakhstan water reservoirs

 

         Flagellates are represented by 2 subtypes Mastigophora and Sarcodina. Subtype  Mastigophora is represented with 2 classes Zoomastigophorea, Phytomastigophora, the class of animal flagellates characterizes with the most species diversity, 19 types, 48 % of them are mesosaprobic, 37 % are polysaprobic, the others 15 % are a-p and p-m. Almost all observed samples contained Cercobodo longicauda, C. ovatus, Bodo caudatus, Bodomorpha reniformis types.  The least species diversity is in plant flagellates class, there are 4 types, all can be found in one sample (water reservoir Shardara), the types refer to the mesosaprobic zone. Subtype Sarcodina is represented by 2 classes, Lobosea class is rich by species diversity, 17 types, the Heliosoea class is less on 88% as compared to Lobosea class.

         Infusoria type is represented by 2 subtypes Ciliata, Suctoria. Subtype Ciliata is represented by 4 classes (Kinetophragminophora, Peritricha, Polyhymenophora, Oligohymenophora).  One type in one sample was fixed in Suctoria subtype (Daubaba r.).

         Rotifers type is represented by two types, two types are in Rotifera class, one type is in one sample of Oligocheta (Daubaba r.).

         Taxonomic analysis of plankton organisms is made up from flagellates, infusorias, and rotifers in deficiency. The rivers Koshkar-Ata, Lengersay, Kulandy, Bala Bugen have species diversity. Some types of zooplankton were found only in certain rivers. For example, rotifers Brachionus calyciflorus, Colurella colurus are only in rivers: Aksu, Bala Bugen and Koshkar-ata, flagellates Pleuromonas jakulans are only in Kaskasu river, Trepomonas agilis in Lengersay river, Valkhamphia ovis in Koshkar-ata river, Saccamoeba stagnicola in Shayan river, Mayorella lacona in Burgulyuk river, Clathrulina elegans in Syrdaria river, infusoria Cyrtolophosis mucicola in Bala Bugen river, Plagiocampa mutalilis in Syrdariya river, Opercularia in Boralday river.

         So the research was conducted in 26 water reservoirs of Southern Kazakhstan. The taxonomic structure of zooplankton, 70 types of flagellates, infusorias, rotifers were found out during the analysis. The complex of dominating types of Southern Kazakhstan water reservoirs is represented by Cerbodo longicauda, C.ovatus, Bodo caudatus, B.angustatus, B.inimus, Bodomorpha reniformis, Acanthamoeba castellanii, Halteria grandinella.

 

The list of literature:

1.     A.U.Issayeva and co-authors. Species diversity of phytocenosis of polymetallic production waste storage zones and phytoconservation problems.//Ecologic monitoring and biodiversity. Scientific magazine.-Orenburg.2009 – Volume 4. No.1-2 – Ð.24-27

2.     A.M.Gilyarov. Application of diversity index in pollution assessment//Methods of fresh water biol.analysis – L.1976 –Ð.125-127.

3.     A.B. Makrushin. Biologic analysis of waters quality. –L.1974. -129ð.