Arzhanova G., prof. Lyashenko V., Smirnov V., Bondar O.
Dnipropetrovsk National University named after Oles Gonchar Dynamics of behavioral reactions in rats in conditions of prolonged proton pump blocking
One of the
actual problem of physiology is the study of the common factors of body relationships with outside and internal
environment. Most diseases which people face have psychosomatic nature. That is
why for the timely diagnosis of various diseases, a lot of attention is paid to
the study of changes in the nervous system and as a consequence of behavior
changes. For the treatment of these pathologies in modern medicine we use drugs
that reduce the ejection of hydrochloric acid. Most drugs are used to block the hydrogen pump. But the consequences of
such therapy can cause a number of side effects that influence processes in the
nervous, cardio vascular and other systems.
The aim of the presented work was to
identify the effect of long block hydrogen pump of the stomach and the changes
of vegetative system interactions. The vegetative indicators showed the changes in behavioral reactions and cardio rhythms of rats.
For the
research we used the technique of intra-abdominal injection, the method of
"open field", recorded ECG, all data were calculated using parametric
statistical methods.
Every day
the experimental group was injected the medication that blocks the operation of
the stomach hydrogen pump, the pharmacological name "Omez", the
active ingredient omeprazole ((RS)-6-methoxy-2-[(4-methoxy-3
,5-dymetylpyrydyn-2-yl)) Type of 20 mg on kg intra-abdominal, during 30 days.
To study the accuracy, the control group of animals was also injected with
saline.
To identify
the effect of blocking of the stomach hydrogen pump on rats’ behavioral responses,
we used the technique of "open field", which allows to analyze the
motor, explorative and vegetative activities of animals. According to the
research of VNS, we additionally recorded electrocardiogram using needle
electrodes.
Analyzing
the obtained data, we can see that the motor activity of animals in the control
group during the research had no significant change. The results obtained on
the explorative activities which include exploring holes, central squares and
stands, in the experimental group are unreliable, they only tend to increase.
This suggests there are no links between this type of the animals’ activity and
the mechanisms for hydrochloric acid production.
Concerning
the grooming, we have some reliable data. There was observed a sharp increase
of the activity. This suggests an increase of anxiety, and so the excitation of
the sympathetic nervous system rises. Urination and defecation are the effects
of VNS (vegetative nervous system). Taking into account the reliable data, we
can say that blocking the hydrogen pump leads to inhibition of the
parasympathetic system. The number of acts of defecation and urination
decreased as a percentage at 1.5 - 2 times.
To research
the influence of blocking hydrogen pump for the cardiovascular system, as a
vegetation index, there were conducted some experiments during which the rats
were taken cardiograms. ECG was recorded using needle electrodes on two front
and back limbs. The recording and converting of the signal ECG was performed
with the use of analog-digital converter.
Diagrams or
numerical record of pulsegram variation determined a number of indicators that
allow to give a qualitative evaluation of autonomic tone.
The analysis of the form of basic totality of points
and their distribution within a point allows tosuggest the heart rate type
regulation. The equal cloud of scaterrgram shows the equilibrium state of the
autonomic nervous system. The shift of cloud center to the lower left corner
shows the dominance of the sympathetic and, conversely, its shift to the right
shows the influence of parasympathetic dominance system on sinoatrial node.
The diagrams of the rats of the control group
during the experiment showed the prevalence of sympathetic type of heart rate
regulation that corresponds to the general idea. This indicates the variation
scale intervals R-R, which reflects the degree of heart rate variability, which
at this stage of the research was 0,011 ± 0,001 s, the amplitude of modes -
70,40 ± 2,03%.
The
experimental data indicate that there was an increased impact of vagal on the
heart sinoatrial node of rats. This is evidenced by the increased variation of
cardio intervals to 0,014 ± 0,001 s and lower amplitude modes to 50 ± 2,05%.
This tendency was observed until the end
of the research.
The animals in the conditions of hydrogen
pump blocking tended to increase explorative and motor activity.
Grooming frequency decrease of the animals
in the experimental group was observed from the first days of the study that
indicates an increased anxiety.
As a result
of the hydrogen pump blocking, the acts of defecation and urination of rats on
the "open field" significantly decreased at 1.5-2 times (p <0.05)
during 30 days of the experiment.
While stomach
hydrogen pump blocking during the research there was observed the tendency of
activation of parasympathetic autonomic nervous system, which showed increasing
variations and the decrease of the amplitude modes.
The increase
of variations of cardio intervals and decrease of amplitude modes during the
research indicates the activation of the parasympathetic nervous system.