R.B.Absattarov - Doctor of Philosophy, professor.

(Республика Казахстан г. Алматы)

POLICY OF ART

Policy draws together different sides of Pericles public life phenomenon and processes, but it doesn’t submit to any of them. It is a public phenomenon with its quality distinctness, multi faceted and diversity.

All the spheres of a public life are closely, connected with each other. Today various spheres’ mutual relationship process of public life is clearly visible not only within the separate states, but it is carried out on the global community level. So policy should be considered as a piece of art.

It may be stated the subject of policy as a piece of art is the least studied one in the sphere of political science.

Policy gives anyone an opportunity to realize state’s power and essence, goals of the society. It also reveals social sciences’ fundamental outlook and methodological problems. History is evidence of a lot of mistakes, misunderstandings, tragedies concerning policy. [1]

Nowadays it is incredible to find a person who is out of policy, public life system. In addition to it, everyone makes a use of the term “policy”. As a matter of fact, all of us are in the space and circle of political activities, we see and feel it every day. But its leitmotif is beyond our vision and quite a secret thing. In this connection, we come across scientific knowledge which is capable to keep in touch with things which is invisible to ordinary human beings, i.e. – phenomenon of policy.

Scientific policy is the necessities of life. It has become a guide as it should be pointed out that North Star, and a master of ceremonies as well showing the way to any action which takes place in all the spheres of the public life.

Great political experience of global social progress, movements, social progress of communities and conceptions, future of which seems to be perspective, crisis and collapse has been acquired by the moment. Consequently, accumulation of the experiences, their study, speculation, making conception, thus forming new policy is required. It’s quite necessary to perform such kind of activities when various types of crisis occur everywhere, even in the sphere of the humanities.

To tell the truth, it’s quite obvious, that the main reason of the crisis, which social and political systems in the east Europe and other parts in the world have experienced, are based on policy, and not in science. For a long period of time, politicians used to use science as a tool of praising their activities, at the same time, they ignored the scholars’ proposals. Undoubtedly, such politicians were not in need of science, as a result, some scientific trend have been totally banned. And some of them were abolished completely.

Political doctrines (teaching) prohibited until the last 20 years in our republic and the Republics of the former USSR as a particular scientific trend are the obvious evidences of it.

To be sincere, to comprehend policy in the public life system means that every person cooperating with other members at the community can satisfy his (her) own requirements and affect the tools to realize ambitions under the supervision of state. If one doesn’t understand policy or tries to avoid it intentionally, he (she) may be out of community or endanger own life.

Mutual activities of groups, communities and satisfaction of their requirements are impossible without the support of state. And when everyone realizes it only then policy works. So, policy takes its start where interests’ and opinions’ complicity is quite clear, if cooperation and movements are formed defining their attitude to the system of power. Any policy is mutual activity which works in the process of splitting and grouping when they try to come to power.

Demands and interests of citizens, social groups urge them to be engaged in policy, to fight for being in power. That’s why citizens should learn to find out interests of a particular man, social groups, various nations and people. They should be able to identify true causes of stories on education, patriotism, religion, policy, economy, community, statements, promises.

Otherwise they may be victims of underhand action, lie, sabotage. To be sincere, it is difficult to realize the essence of policy, it is a complicated, many – sided cardinal problem. Many thinkers had troubles while discovering policy’s essence, so will they.

Such kind of studied causing debates are numbered over one hundred ones. According French political scientist J.M.Dencan, policy is an object of many opinions’ exchange, and it is quite natural.

We should keep in our minds that to find out political problems in the public life, first of all, we should consider policy as a public phenomenon and art.

Policy as public phenomena, its complexity in connection with art confirms that in many cases political science’s structure isn’t homogeneous. Thus, it is also connected with the fact that the levels of policy, political phenomena and processes learning are different. To tell the truth, it is difficult to realize the essence of policy, it is a complicated, many – sided cardinal problem. That’s why that there are hundreds of definitions concerning it. [2]

Summing up essence of policy, to my mind, it can be defined that: policy is state organs’, political parties’, public movements’ activity. The goal of it – to realize needs and interests of big social groups, especially, classes, nationalities, states: to unite their relationship and direct their strength to rule the people artistically using special methods, to unite them to strengthen political power or to gain and support it.

Besides displaying interests of social groups , state policy, taking into consideration demands and interests of individuals, uniting their civic agreement in the community. As any other activity political activity’s goal is to define society’s long – term and current ones.

Special political methods are used to carry out political goals. Political methods are confidence – building measures based on the interests of people’s various classes, social, national, social and demographic groups, public opinions, democratic methods. In the process of developing and adopting the instructions, which are based on proper scientific studies, these methods prevent from selfishness and one – sidedness.

The most important method of political guidance is that it is the most systematic, complex one in the course of developing and adopting political instructions (decision).

And this method’s purpose is to study theoretical – cognitive activity, i.e. situation in the country, district, region, town and to set specific aims, to direct organizational and executive, stuff work, to affect both ideologically and politically. We seem to make sure that policy is art in the sphere of social life. As a matter of fact, policy is art of ruling the state (skillfully), art of performing political service which meets the requirement of certain group, art of fulfilling, gaining, preserving power.

Political art is to use properly all the available opportunities, make proper decisions on the base of connecting (linking) theoretical knowledge, arguments enthusiastically, with suppositions, feeling, creative determination and fantasy. Consequently ignoring of political art may cause heavy causalities. [3]

So, policy as an art – is planned steps, measures, tricks, devotion, compromise, agreements, retreats, evasions, pressures, suppositions. It is various types of tricks, sometimes deceiving, mockery and even without honesty and purity. To tell the truth, such situations occur in our country as well.

Until nowadays we still have disagreements in policy. Faithful, truthful, civilized policy can be formed with great difficulty hard work. Transition to policy carried out in sincere way is a high goal that is the attribute really just, democratic society. We are interested in achieving it.

To realize it policy and politicians should do their best to prevent wars changing for the worse of internal and foreign affairs, prevailing conflicts, discords, misunderstandings based on racism, nationalism, religion, class, society and economy. Otherwise one can’t hide behind exciting words (neologisms) as “consensus”, “integration”, “pluralism”. Instead of being be able understand others, take into consideration their interests, display tolerance, welcome, make proper decisions, strengthen ties. Until policy doesn’t become real art in the proper sense, no nation, never will gain happy – future. This kind of feature should be found not in statesmen only parties, bosses should also possess it as well.

Thus, policy art can be defined as tested, conceived, inseparable, big system which affects people despite the fact of time and where they are, influences may people’s destiny thanks to plans and their outcomes. There are first great pupils, first year students, and week – willed one as well in this system. But trend and fate of policy can’t be in their hands. Usually, beginners learn and those who don’t get on well in are not admitted to policy. In this way new enthusiasts join the perpetual occupation. Mostly policy is closely connected with politicians’ talent, initiative, and outlook. These kinds of features are displayed in the process of political activity and affect greatly his image.

As a result, due to political decisions made by skillful specialists, they may only mean political, objective necessity. As a matter of fact, inclination sphere occurring as a result of subjective factor is limited objectively. But it is quite sufficient that it may lead political conclusions and actions to contradictions. We shall not be mistaken stating such characteristics of policy’s subject and object will lead it to the top of art.

Policy as art is directly connected with subjective sides of social processes. First of all it is connected with the ability of a politician to work with others, he (or she) should consider harmony policy’s subject and object not only from the business like quality. At the same time politician consider his partner’s human qualities: psychological type, consideration. Character’s stability, brevity, responsibility, finally ability are to obey public opinion and mood.

Politician proficiency can be identified from his ability to choose: way of participating public in political life, appropriate types concerning social progress’ period and their level of political culture, and their ability. If these types (forms) are defined properly, public will grow power or it will be suppressed, public will support significant initiatives or they will be smothered, it will develop actions to get rid of short coming or they’ll be more and more;

And it requires that a person and his interested should be understood, these interests, and ones taking charge of it should consider common thing to be of their own.

The essence of politician’s proficiency is that when his activity is operating naturally without any pressure and art itself isn’t visible at all. Consequently policy as art is closely connected with the ability to choose tools for performing object’s activity productively due to specific job. Skillful politician is aware when it is necessary to involve people in work for solving the most complicated problems. The success of a politician can’t be achieved only by administrative ways. It depends on how well he can give an appropriate opportunity to individuals, care them constantly, setting them right task.

Politician should notice not only the fact of violation of discipline on the object’s side, but also he should discover the departure’s original contradiction. Leader’s art lies in perceiving the whole complicated features of an individual’s character.

Careerists, adventurers, double – faced swindlers, extremists, conceited people, irrational people; cunning people are very dangerous, especially, in politics. [4]

The more such people are in the policy scene for a long time, the more damage they will do to society and public.

Public should be entitled to exchange opinions about policy and politicians, affect them, to use control – lever for controlling them. People should propose a candidate of young politicians, leaders from the surrounding and replace them. Moreover, people should directly take part in discussing, proposing and realizing policy. In this case the problem shouldn’t be limited only proposing candidates for elections to the Parliament, Maslikhats and voting for them, taking part in the referendums. Thus (if we consider the matter of….) attracting every person to policy, teaching policy, improving their political knowledge, important matter, we should overcome short coming which impede society’s political and cultural progress.

Thus, summarizing, we can say that proficient policy – is art that is carefully thought out, sensitive policy. It requires every person should strengthen his/her intellect and will as well as possible and control own strange behavior and temper.

If policy is directed to (calls for) excellent, model, moral goal – for making people happy, exercising life’s joy, this kind of policy and political service are worth being highly evaluated and recognized by our contemporaries and younger generations. Nowadays main goal of policy is to serve for forming just, democratic, civilized society based on morality.

Bibliography

1. Политическая история.-СПб, 2008.-С.150-160.

2. Тоталитаризм и общество.-Ростов-на-Дону, 2006.-С. 109-112.

3. Әбсаттаров Р.Б. Саясаттану және оның проблемалары.-Алматы, 2007.-133 б.

4. Иванов С.П. История и ее проблемы.-М., 2009.-С. 115-116.