Экономические науки / 10.Экономика предприятия

Likhonosova Ganna

The East Ukrainian national university name of Vladimir Dal

DEFINITION TO ESSENCE OF

SELF-ORGANIZATION OF THE ENTERPRISES

Supervision over socioeconomic processes shows that under certain conditions almost all enterprises are inclined to self-organizational processes. Under self-organization, thus it is necessary to understand irreversible process which leads to creation of more effective structures, that is self-organization - is process of evolution of the enterprises which have saved up certain life experience.

Research of processes of self-organization — one of the brightest and promising directions in a scientific life of last decade. In their basis interdisciplinary character of self-organization and the system approach lies.

However, in it consists and the problem which has developed today. About self-organization physicists, philosophers, chemists, ecologists, sociologists and scientists of other specialties write. Communication comprehension of all with all generates requirement for their general discussion. Interaction of sciences on this problem is still insufficiently integrated, however communication becomes closer: the general object of research, a generality of problems, an exchange of scientific methods and ideas. But at all importance of these attempts the self-organization theory for today, a science substantially the author's. In uniform to a number here there are methods of the nonlinear equations, thermodynamics of open systems, reconsideration of representations about causality – not local phenomena and phenomena, primacy the approach to the external world description, the description of the validity of systems of coordinates, active environments and network models. That is, each of sciences has the idea about essence of self-organization, enters new concepts and categories into its theory, thereby confusing and complicating it.

The economic theory does not consider self-organization neither as the characteristic of its separate elements, nor as the process proceeding in them. As was one of the reasons of modern world crisis. Economic system as a whole and its separate elements – the enterprises – years accumulated positive and negative life experience («memory of system») which has not been considered by a management at planning of the further activity. All it has led to change of a habitual image of construction of communications with system and was reflected in refusal of economic system to work in an old fashion.

Thus, problems of self-organization of the enterprises are very actual and necessary today. During the period when all economic system is in a crisis phase, and many enterprises suffer on themselves displays of this crisis, inclusion of self-organizational processes is necessary.

Now synonyms of the term of self-organization are: the general theory of evolution in biology, the general theory of systems U.R.Eshbe, G.Hakena's synergetrics, I. Prigozhin's structures, universal evolution N.N.Moiseeva [1], autopoetry U.Maturany and F.Varely, M.Ejgena's hypercycle, the evolutionary concept of development of the installed E.Jancha, E.Laslo's [2] uniform disciplinary theory, the theory of self-organization of A.A.Samara and S.P.Kurdyumov [3], the theory of the self-organized criticality of P.Beka [4], F.Kapry's network theory [5].

But all these areas of research deal with material systems of high level: biological systems, social, technical, mathematical. Self- self-organization processes in economic sense remain not investigated.

Insufficient study of a problem generates various interpretations in definition of concept of self-organization. In modern works it is possible to meet definitions absolutely not similar among themselves: in one phenomenon of self-organization speaks the internal reasons, the leading role is taken away to internal interactions of elements of system; in others — as the main reasons of self-organizing of systems are called external factors, and system stabilization speaks reaction of system to environment influences. Thus, the economic concept of self-organization of the enterprises, its organizational-economic bases are in a formation stage.

As the basic direction of the given research the explanation of a role and essence of self-organization of the enterprises acts. Self-organization process is a push of development which is considered as transition to a new qualitative condition of the enterprise. Concerning the enterprise, self-organization is extremely difficult and multifactor complex of problems of maintenance of its effective functioning, demanding an all-round scientific substantiation.

Efficiency of processes of self-organizing of the enterprise, depends on that, how much processes correspond to natural laws of existence of the enterprise, its purposes and strategy. The above this conformity, the above quality of self-organization. Natural laws-realities of existence of the enterprise represent itself as a reference point at an estimation of results of its self-organization. Such estimation is absolutely necessary at construction of organizational-economic bases of self-organization.

Thus, self-organization of the enterprises is the phenomenal process consisting of organizational and economic bases which result from ambiguous behavior of multielement organizational structure and the multifactor economic environment of the enterprise.

So, definition of essence of self-organization for each enterprise has great value as during realization of self-organizational possibilities the enterprise does not degrade to standard average type, and develops owing to positive client decisions, energy inflow (financial streams) from the outside, nonlinearity of internal processes and occurrence of particular treatments of functioning.

Literature:

1. Моисеев Н.Н. Расставание с простотой. - М. «Наука», 1999.

2. Ласло Э. Основания единой трансдисциплинарной теории // Вопросы философии. – 1997. - №3.

3. Князева Е.Н., Курдюмов С.П. Законы эволюции и самоорганизации сложных систем. – М: «Мысль», 1994.

4. Bak P. How Nature Works. The Science of Self-Organized Criticality. 1996.

5. Capra F. The Web of Life. 1996.