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Doctor PhD  Kurmangalieva N.K.

KAZAKH FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC ACADEMY

Semey, Republic of Kazakhstan  

Application of an information technology in increase of economic efficiency of an agricultural production

 

 

 

Development of Agriculture is one of the major priorities of economic policy of Kazakhstan. On the one hand, there are favorable economic preconditions in the form of huge territory with extensive, not involved capacities, (the requirements of all Soviet Union focused in due time on satisfaction), a backlog demand in home market of the country and also a considerable export potential of the growing markets of China and Russia. On the other hand, the social factor is important – more than half of population of Kazakhstan lives in a countryside. Necessity of support of domestic initiatives on perfection of manufacture and processing of agricultural production becomes especially actual on the threshold of the introduction of the country into the World Trade Organization [1].

Growth of economic efficiency of an agricultural production is one of the main tasks in development of Kazakhstan at the present stage. Industrialization of agricultural production, creation of the large agro industrial enterprises and associations assumes increase in made production. Its realization, timely processing and storage are impossible without well debugged mechanism of sale.

If to consider a question on adjustment of communications with commodity markets, it is possible to be convinced without effort that normal functioning of agriculture is interfered by backwardness of the agrarian markets, absence of effective systems of their regulation, presence of inter-regional trading barriers, artificial restraint of the prices by administrations of regions. Now the agricultural production requires technical and social and economic development which will allow to provide considerable economic growth of agrarian sector of a national economy. One of aspects of the given problem is development the Internet of technologies on advancement on the market of agricultural production of local commodity producers, and also a choice of the suppliers of technics most comprehensible to them, mineral fertilizers, spare parts and other material-technical resources. Thus, absence of the modern information systems which are based on the advanced computer technologies, constrains the decision of the given problem. On a modern level of development of an information technology there is a set of possibilities of reception of the actual information for agricultural commodity producers: use of help and consulting computer systems and the Internet.

In many agricultural establishments there are modern personal computers, however their possibilities are used far not completely, others use the out-of-date computer technics or have no it at all. All it limits reception of the market information necessary for effective development of manufacture. So, without the complex approach to problems of sale of production it is impossible to organize correctly work of agricultural organizations that will negatively affect work of all enterprise. After all the incorrect organization of sale can lower profitableness of the enterprise that will cause the negative phenomena, up to bankruptcy. Today it is necessary to create such conditions that the peasant could choose that form of housekeeping which to the greatest degree would correspond to its psychology and possibilities, a production efficiency. Such form urged to become the agricultural cooperation born by the life in interests of agricultural manufacturers [2].

Therefore there is a necessity of development of agricultural cooperation in the form of effective market structure, with the mechanism of mutually advantageous economic relations in interests of all participants of cooperation and first of all agricultural commodity producers. More than century world experience of co-operative cooperation has revealed its unique value in an effective combination private, a personal interest with diverse kinds of joint activity and on this basis – the rational organization of is large-commodity agro industrial manufacture in the conditions of market economy. The co-operative system of managing most steadily works in the conditions of the market. As academician B.Poshkus shows, for example, in Germany for 4 years (1991-1994) Bankruptcy have suffered 20 thousand various commercial structures, but among them there was no co-operative society. Cooperation became the prevailing form of association of agricultural commodity producers in many countries of the world where almost all system of agro service, processing and realizations of agricultural production is in the property of agricultural commodity producers and copes them through cooperation.

Farmer co-operative societies of Sweden, for example, supervise 54 % of the food-processing industry of the country, in accuracy of 100 % – dairy, 80 % – meat. Cooperation has received a wide circulation in Germany, France, Great Britain, the USA, Denmark. Here agricultural co-operatives play a dominant role in supply of farmers by technics, mixed fodders, seeds. Through co-operative societies about 98 % of all commodity milk, 80 % of grain, 75 % of eggs are realized. With acceptance in December, 1990 of the Law «About agricultural cooperation» is created the legal base for development of co-operative movement in our country. Regional administration of East Kazakhstan Oblast has developed the program of support of agrarian sector. The program, in particular, is directed on support of farms. It provides corresponding grants and serious state privileges and ïðåôåðåíöèè to those innovative projects which should take root in agrarian sector as it is an effective basis in development of agrarian sector. [3]

Electronic mass media are widely used in agriculture of economically developed countries of the world. Now almost every third foreign farm which is yielding revenue, uses the Internet for acceptance of industrial decisions. Abroad in some years use of Internet in each economy country becomes a commonplace on a level with phone and a fax. However in Kazakhstan, in particular in East Kazakhstan Oblast, presence of the computer with access to the Internet to a country economy – the big rarity. The global information network is used only for reception of data on forthcoming weather conditions, in particular, by means of a resource www.gismeteo.kz.

Expansion of scales of use of the Internet  network in work of the agricultural enterprises is caused: - prompt development and fast distribution of information-communication technologies; - constant reduction of prices on their acquisition and use that raises their availability; - growing rates of moving of various kinds of social and economic activity (trading, bank, etc.) in the electronic environment. Country economy requires the automated system decision-making for choice variants of sale of production. After all offers on purchase of meat production constantly arrive from different cities of Kazakhstan, and inquiries differ on weight of indicators: standard item, distance to destination, a way of transportation and other. The head of a country economy gives to questions of sale the most part of working hours, and the considerable share of this time is necessary on calculations of economic efficiency of the forthcoming transaction.

 

The literature

1.                The message of President of Republic of Kazakhstan of N.A.Nazarbaeva to the people of Kazakhstan «New Kazakhstan in the New World» from February, 28th, 2007

2.                Zlobin E. Success of farmer movement – in cooperation.

3.                The Internet sites:  http://www.akimvko.gov.kz