Bolatova
Ajnash Bolatovna
The East Kazakhstan state technical university named
aftor D.Serikbaev
«Reliability substantiation stowage files at stratfic to dredging of
valuable ores»
Speciality 25.00.22 – Geotechnology (Open-pit mining and building)
By working out of firm
minerals by underground way the difficult system of underground constructions
presented by extended mountain developments, variously focused in space is
created. The network of mountain developments of any mine or mine together with
taking sites (TS) represents a difficult engineering construction which
naturally requires an estimation of level of its reliability.
The basic branch of use
of production wastes is a bookmark of the developed spaces. On mines of East
Kazakhstan there is a wide experience of application of production wastes on stowage
works, the technology of conducting stowage works is developed. In particular,
on deposits of Bakyrchik the system of working out with a bookmark of the
developed space is applied descending layer.
The purpose of work on
the basis of theoretic-experimental researches to prove parameters reliable
stowage files at strategic to system of working out of ores.
For object in view
achievement following problems are put:
- to give the work
analysis in a research subject;
- on the basis of
fundamental laws under the theory of reliability (stability) of underground
constructions to develop theoretical positions on stability stowage a file at strategic
to working out system;
- to prove optimum
structures stowage mixes with use arsenic contain a waste for conditions of
Bakyrchik mine;
- Laboratory trials to
establish rheological and durabilitical characteristics stowage a file;
- To develop reliable
and effective schemes of erection stowage files for conditions of Bakyrchik
mine;
- To prove economic and
ecological efficiency of results of research.
The scientific positions
which have been taken out on protection:
1. Reliability of a
design strategic systems of working out with a hardening bookmark is defined by
crossing of random variables of loadings on ceiling both sides of chambers, and
massive artificial stoops with the determined borders of durability of a
bookmark on compression and a stretching; also it is thus described by
difficult nonlinear functions from physic mechanical properties of a file of
rocks, stowage a file and from parameters of technological systems of working
out of ore bodies.
2. Reliability of an
artificial file, factor of safety factor of a bookmark first of all strongly
depends on durability of a bookmark on rupture - 
, and in a range 0,33
0,4 МПа, it not linearly on exponentional dependences are
described by the equations, thus at change of durability of 
a bookmark on rupture twice from 0,2 МПа to
0,4 МПа the safety factor increases from 2 to 14, i.e. seven times.
3. The structure of a
hardening cast bookmark providing necessary level of reliability of artificial
files at stratfic to system of working out includes:
- In quality filler a
waste after processing arsenicum gold contain ores for the purpose of their
safe preservation in underground space;
- Cement of various
marks.
Following results of the
spent researches are received:
1. The general
technological schemes of erection of an artificial file of rocks (structure
stowage mixes, transportation, packing) are developed.
2. Stability categories
stowage a file in a bearing layer is defined and recommendations about a way of
maintenance of an artificial roof are developed.
3. The new type armor an
artificial roof on Bakyrchik mine is developed, the principle is put in its
basis bar the layered artificial file testing efforts from a body weight of a
layer of a direct roof and deduction of its exfoliating elements by a rigid
metal grid. The problem of increase of safety of conducting mountain works, for
the account of grab of all area bared stowage a file, an exception of loss of
its exfoliating and cracked pieces thus dares.
4. Universal
mathematical models with stochastic statement for definition of reliability of
underground constructions, in particular for artificial stowage files are
received by a theoretical way.
5. Parameters and
characteristics of technological systems of extraction of ore, pedigree and
stowage the files influencing stability of underground constructions are
defined, their classification on stochastic and determined, in particular for
chamber stratfic systems with a cast bookmark is given.
6. Settlement models for
definition of stability (reliability) artificial stowage files are received.
7. Statistical
regularities for calculation of reliability of an artificial roof from factor
of a stock of its breaking strength are deduced.
8. The optimum structure
stowage mixes is defined, are defined reological and durabilical properties
stowage mixes.
9. Ecology-economic
efficiency of the accepted system of working off of valuable ores with a
bookmark of the developed space hardening mixes with addition arsenic contain
raw materials in these mixes is proved.