Kerdenova G.K., Makhambetova K.K.
KAZAKH-BRITISH
TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY (KBTU)
Technology
Integration in Foreign Language Teaching
Nowadays English is the
most widespread language. It is spoken as a mother tongue by over 300 million
people all over the world.
And it is necessary to learn it. For our generation
English is like a key into the world. Because with English we can make
relations with other countries, get most technical and educational novelties
and take part in integrity process in the world. Educational technology, which
is increasingly being used in English Language Teaching programs around the
world, has immense potential for enhancing the quality of knowledge of the
language. It can be a powerful tool for language learners because it combines
the advantages of work with new technologies. So computer technologies have changed the way people get information, make research
and communicate with others worldwide.
The main aim of our
project is to define advantages of using computer technologies in Foreign
Language Teaching. To realize it we have set the following aims:
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to plunge into a history
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to analyze searching material
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to know more about technology
novelties in education
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to cross-examine students .
Nowadays technology is the obligatory
thing in our life. But let us have some information about its history. The history of use of computer technologies in teaching
foreign languages has some decades. In 60th the program CALL (Computer Assisted
Language Learning) in such leading countries of the world as the Great Britain
and the USA was functioned mainly as experimental one. The basic purpose of its
work, in American scientists R.C. Atkinson and H.A. Wilson’s opinion, was using
CALL efficiency in comparison with the traditional methods of teaching. The
period in the end of 70th in foreign pedagogy was characterized by the rash
development of researches in the field of studying possible spheres of use of
the computers in teaching foreign languages.
Since
80th of XX century, due to appearance of PCs computing machinery has
become mass and available for all. At that time PCs took big turns of
production and sales. Society began to use PCs in different spheres, including
educational sphere. Thus, in 90th of XX century in Japan, for the
first time computers began to be used in learning English Language (as a
foreign language). Later, computers took important part in studying English.
At the various stages of use of computer
technologies in teaching different problems were solved. But the majority of
researchers in their works cited about advantages of the organization of
process of teaching foreign languages with the use of micro-computers,
suggesting their approaches to the problem of use of the computers in process
of teaching foreign languages.
This reform gave many advantages in economics and
education too. There are two diagrams
about two developed countries. They are about how the number of non-English
native speakers was growing under the implementation of new technologies.
As we see in these two
diagrams, the number of English speakers is constantly enhancing by implementation
of computer technologies. As domestic and foreign experience of application of
computer technology shows, the realization of the above-stated opportunities
allows ensuring:
1) Granting to students
the tool of research, design, formalization of knowledge about the subject and
at the same time active component of the subject, tool of measurement, display
and influence on it;
2) Expansion of
students’ knowledge by taking into consideration opportunities of experimental
research, training game, audiovisual and other activities, including
individual, group, team work;
3) Increase motivation
of training of investigated objects, phenomena, situation management,
opportunity of an independent choice of the forms and methods of training,
implementation of game situations and others.
Computers create the
favorable opportunities for organization of independent job of the
schoolchildren at lessons of English. Students can use computers both for
studying different themes, and for self-checking the gained knowledge. The
computer is the most patient teacher, capable to repeat any tasks, achieve the
correct answer and, in the final bill, automation of learners’ skills. The
computer telecommunication allows to realize distance training, and also in the
short terms to duplicate advanced pedagogical technologies.
Among the benefits of computers’ use in the foreign
language classroom, the most important are:
·
Creation of communicative situations
and training various kinds of speech activities;
·
Increased motivation and students’ participation;
·
More opportunities to interact with
target language and content area because students spend more time on tasks;
·
Greater integration of reading and
writing skills and opportunities to practice them in contexts;
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The possibility to implement a
pedagogy based on problem solving and critical thinking;
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More self-paced autonomous learning
that is learner-controlled rather teacher-controlled.
There are a lot of present novelties, which are integrated and wide used in foreign language
teaching.
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Speech Synthesis or
Text-to-Speech (TTS) Technologies:
Speech engines that generate speech in different languages.
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Automatic
Speech-Recognition (ASR) Technology
:
Software designed to
type what the user dictates. It enables learner to interact with the
computer orally and
thus practice oral language.
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Computer-mediated
Communication Technologies :
The general application of computer and
telecommunications technology to enable interpersonal communications. It
enables users to construct and manipulate graphical objects and avatars; use
sound, images, and video to communicate to each other in a virtual world.
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Electronic textbooks:
Creation
of the electronic textbooks of new generation is one of perspective directions
in modernization of educational process in teaching English Language. The
textbooks can be written on CD, DVD or be on any educational site in the
Internet. The modern electronic textbook actually represents a database on the
certain subjects. The pupil makes inquiries or sets questions and receives the
necessary information as a texts, diagrams, illustrations, pictures, sound
files, ect. But it is important not to forget, thet in most cases electronic
textbooks are created not by the teachers and psychologists, but young
programmers. It is no wonder, that sometimes these books are not clear to the
usual users. Moreover, these electronic textbooks can repulse learners from
useful process. Therefore electronic textbooks of the future should become a
product of joint creativity of the teachers, psychologist, artists and
programmers.
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Video and Audio Technologies:
Enables captions in different languages; its digital
nature allows for more control over the content; allows for contextualization
of content by linking to other content on the web.
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Machine Translation :
Translates
text and enables learners to gain a rough idea of the meaning of the material.
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Simulation, Animation,
and Intelligent Agent Technologies
:
A representation of an item of equipment, device,
system, or subsystem in realistic form. It allows learners to have a more
authentic and realistic experience; allows for a more contextualized content;
risk-free environment.
Analyzing all
opportunities computer technologies and experience of foreign countries, we
came to a conclusion that it is necessary to expand sphere of use computer
technologies. But what do students think about it? We have interrogated 70 people.
And here is the result.
In conclusion, the most important element in regard to foreign language
and technology integration is the linking of proven teaching strategies to the
technology. I believe that it is via interactive learning that technology in
the classroom can contribute the most.
As the practice shows, new technologies are the best
way of teaching foreign languages in educational system, which fully satisfy
the didactic requirements and real conditions. The computers can perceive new
information, definitely process it and accept the decisions, can remember
necessary data, reproduce the driven images, supervise job such as training,
synthesizer of speech, video recorders, and tape recorders. The computers
essentially expand the teachers’ opportunities on motivating students’ learning
English, allow maximum to adapt process of training students’ individual
features. Therefore today it is urgent to expand the IT-technologies applications