Sarbasova K.A.
Significance Al-Farabi's pedagogical theory
The important problems which connected with changing is occurring in contemporaneous
society of our country to bring up the all round development person who can
decide main problem independently and who is capable of creative activities.
Solution of this problem demands new approach to bring up and education of
future generation. That
is why every person should have availability knowledge of the
field of pedagogic. It demands of the time.
Mastering pedagogical main principles are the way of the spiritual
development of person and regulate relation between them.
The great our ancestor Makzhan stated deep own
thought: «Aim of bringing up is to make a happy man, further make humanity. If
the members of nations - every man will be happy, then every nation will be
happy, humanity happy. In short the aim of
bringing up is not only thrusting name of man, but bringing up the man in real.
For accomplishment of commonsense thought of our ancestor everybody should
reach mastering of main pedagogical knowledge.
In
this time when
There are many ideas and practical legacy reserved by great thinker Al-Faraby for future generation which is fixed on the top of Kazakh
pedagogics. There jobs undoubtedly serve for rationally decision
of problem in the field of education conscious future person.
Actuality
of this problem is defined more exactly by scholar's works which investigate
legacy of Al-Faraby with historical point of view
especially, works of unknown Kazakh scientific A. K. Kobesov
as «Al-Faraby», «Mathematical legacy of Al-Faraby», «Unexticing star», «The
problem of astronomy in Al-Faraby's work», «The
unopened world of Al-Faraby» are invaluable.
And
scientist K.Zh.Ibraeva defined Al-Faraby
folk pedagogical and psychological view by exploring the forming and
developments of educational thought in
In
The Kazakh pedagogical science to show clear and practical meaning, to make
clear some ideas about upbringing of our generation, finds similarities with the
world of pedagogics, to appoint its place in
pedagogical theory and practise, to use them in education system and for preparing
some educational tools we need to make some research works. The interrelation
of national pedagogics with civilization phenomenon,
show us the the place of our independent country and
future possibility of our mental development. Some pedagogical heritage of Al-Faraby is spring which can show us our mental development
from ancient times till nowadays.
Some considerable changes which take place in our contemporary society
are the base of changing of industrial paradigms to cultural paradigm which is
based on some new world educational principles; from machine technology to socialization;
from national economy to the world economy. All these changes were the main
reason to make some new paradigm in the sphere of education. This paradigm is
the paradigm of reviving.
The reviving paradigm is the main
thing in the Al-Faraby's pedagogical idea. He made
sure in his scientific works that the process of education must be based on
this paradigm. As the result of it, nowadays after so many years we can
recognise this paradigm as one of the new paradigm in the sphere of
education.
He wrote in his work. About how can we reach happiness as a result of
being educated: «In a life time everyone needs a lot of thing for his life and
to reach the peak of his life. And also he needs some
association of people to reach all his dreams.
And this association of people, everyone, of them finds from some common
things the thing that he needs and gives it. All people are interrelated between
each other. According to all these facts such associations of people which help
each other during life time and with the help of each other they can reach the peak of
his life». The state high peak can be illustrated with a help of human's
education, culture and so on. Hence, being in a state of high peak is the main
way to be happy. He writes about it: «If
we have a good character we will be happy».
The relationship between people should be in the best way if we say
about people they are connected by respect.
Therefore people are considered as humanity. Because
of they can be
friendly and peaceful. They may keep their relationship in friendly way. There
are some problems
about the best knowledge in every society. The famous scientist said that it is
a problem of Lankestry and
Extremism. There are some paradigms of values which are developed. There is
reason of famous scientist. The best paradigm of giving knowledge have found by
Al-Faraby.
«Our duty is upbringing happy man» happiness is not
only material and spiritual values which are humanity make spiritual pleasure.
The Happiness of humanity – a big aim – during the way of new life
spiritual force is developed which is deeper felt.
The culture of respecting is objective reason. The aim of this paradigm when every person built spiritual,
national culture, tradition. It becomes from spiritual – human that is
why, nowadays there are some duties for people , to
know him, to have national values, to be useful for own society.
Nowadays the method of pedagogics is not only theoretically
pedagogics, but also is philosophy. Therefore some teachers of pedagogics have to solve the problem about the best
knowledge.
The Civil philosophy is divided into two parts: with a help of one we
know about some causes of abilities, actions and characteristics which will be
cause of good actions.
They influence us and we take good things to our ability. It is called a
kind of ethics art, second type is principles. With a help of it, people of the
country have known about wonderful artistry, and how to keep this principles.
This kind of type is called political philosophy.
Philosophy of education from point of axiology, ontology, gynaecology,
anthropology, education is the humanities social-culture practise branch of
general science; it means that it helps to get education, to be smart. «We will
have happiness through the beauty, clear soul and mind only with a help of philosophy
we can take it at all». This idea of great scientist Al-Faraby
and there is no doubt of valuable meaning of his words, because philosophy of
education is directed with a help of pedagogical methodology.
While pedagogical methodology was formed, explorer V.V.Kraevski said: «Pedagogical methodology is not only
foundation and structure of pedagogics, it is also the way of getting education and
special-science action.
The conclusion
of it will be that the object of Pedagogics is
pedagogical practical action, and the object of pedagogical methodology is
action. And we should take into consideration the Al-Faraby's
point of view which is noticed at book «The book of great music», he said «to
know the theory of every science we need three principles:
to know foundation of science
to be able to make consequence
to explain and correct opinions which have been said before.
And taking
into consideration, I divided my research work into two parts: in the first
type I try to explain the foundation of music science and try to make
conclusion and explanations from foundations, in the second type I paid great
attention to research works of scientists who had done the music theory. The
problem of Pedagogical Methodology in Al-Faraby's
pedagogical source was that there were so many ways to achieve other things,
but other scholars as A. Kobesov said: «First we
should know the principles and meaning».
So the
great scientist Al-Faraby is the specifications of Kazakh Pedagogics and start the base of it.
In our time
Science of Pedagogics is closely connected with History
of Science of Pedagogics. History principle is more
important any science maturity because to research the past, to compare today’s
change, to use past practice and also keep us not to repeat mistakes and show
the future ways of it.
Literature:
1. ZHumabaev M. Pedagogika. - Almaty, 1992.
2. Al-Faraby. Social-ethical traktaty. - Almaty, 1975.
3. Kraevskiy V.V. Methodology nauchnogo issledovaniya. - SPB, 2001.
4. Al-Faraby. Mathematical traktaty. -
5. Kobesov A. Al-Farabidin ashilmagan alemi. - Almaty, 2002.