K.t.n., doc. Zhandauletova F.R., d.t.n., prof. ZAURBEK A.K.,
k.t.n.,
doc. Seytasanov I.S.
Kazakh
national agrarian university, Almaty, Kazakhstan
CONDITION AND PROSPECTS OF THE USE WATER
RESOURCE KAZAKHSTAN
The President of
the Republic Kazakhstan N. A. Nazarbaev has brought forth the grandiose problem
before state, about entering Kazakhstan in number 50-ti the most competitive
countries of the world, for what necessary in 2013-2018, reach efficiency of
the use resource factor, not below 43% and raise efficiency of the use natural
and especially water resource 
.
Kazakhstan must
develop in condition of the disposable volume water resource and must be prepared
to their reduction. The taken actions in accordance with international agreements
in the field of use tran bordering water will hardly serve increase the volume water resource, entering
from adjacent republics, which are directed on regulation of the questions to
safety tran bordering rivers, but do not give the warranties of the development
and execution investment plan.
Supply of water separate territory, state
is valued by specific annual volume of the sewer of surface water, forecasting and
reconnoitered spare of underground water, happening to on unit of the territory
or on one inhabitant. The water facility portioned extremely unevenly on
territory of the republic. In republic
on today select 8 large place position water resource river pool, in accordance
with which act 8 BVI. Water economics pools differ on area and resource vastly 
.
The sewer of the
rivers south and east parts of the republic are formed to account of the
melting ice, snow, as well as rain and soils of water; the sewer of the rivers
North, West and Central Kazakhstan - a most to account of the melting seasonal
snow. The main phase of the water mode in most cases is a spring high water, on
which happens to 80 - 90% annual sewer or whole annual sewer. In south and south-east areas, where
dominate the yard with glacial feeding, the main share of the sewer passes, mainly,
in spring-year term (the march-october).
Total sewer of the rivers and temporary current of
water RK is taken equal 102,5 km3, from which 56,7 km3
(55,3 %) is formed on territory of the republic, but remaining portion - 45,8
km3 (44,7 %) - for its limit. The factors to supplies Kazakhstan
resource of surface water in average on volume of water year the most low
amongst countries CIS. The collation provision by water on water economics region,
shows that there are more well-off regions (the pool yard Ertys), there is
regions, where water is a deficit, for instance, Zhayyk-Caspian pool,
Nura-Sarysuskiy pool on surface water.
The track record
of the change the fence of water from water sources for 2004-2008 years shows
that amounts fence of water decreased with 26 436 in 2004 before 20 474 mln. m3
in 2008 year. But the total consumption
by water - for analyzed period
decreased with 20 204 in 2004 before 18 034 mln. m3 in 2008 year. Consumption
of water on production necessities and water drinking quality increased on 18,4
% and has formed in 2008 year 5119 and 735 mln. m3 water per annum.
The volume circulating again-consequent use of water in branches water
facilities decreased with 8 532 in 2004 year before 8132 mln. m3 water
in 2008 year that from the total volume consumption of water on production
necessities forms 66 and 62 % 
.
Together with
that, use of fresh water in RK for 2003-2008 years increased by degrees (18,3%)
and have formed in 2008 year -18 034 mln. m3.
All this speaks of
that that urgency of the firm water-supply the population, production and
agricultural necessities on today remains one of not solved problems for
Kazakhstan, in view of insufficiency water resource and high degree their contamination. The main consumption of
water surface sewer RK is irrigated husbandry, on share which happens to 60-65%
total volume consumption of water, remaining portion goes on necessities of
industry and public-home service 
.
The organized
studies about natural and climatic particularity, place position water resource
and monitoring to network, water resource and consumption of water branches of
the economy, parameter vault of water perennial and seasonal regulation of the
sewer with capacity over 1,0 mln. m3. The organized analysis about water
economics balance and condition supply of water branches of the economy, about
possible water economics and actions on guard of water, about necessary
investment on 2015 and 2020 years in cut water economics region Kazakhstan,
which will are directed on reconstruction of the irrigation systems, water
economics and actions on guard of water, allowing rationally use the water
facility and perfect the ecological situation in pool of the rivers that
extremely currently.
The payments are
on supply of water branches of the economy necessary to realize for cycle of
the shallow years to satisfy the requirements to mode of water pool and natural
complex at shallow year; take into account simultaneity of the change the sewer
on territory, which can not comply with cut consumption of water and
regulations of the sewer.
On forecast
deficit sewer will grow else greater rate since sovereign states to Central
Asia will develop else more rapidly. The Need for water priority consumers of
water 1,1 km3 will form on territory Kazakhstan in contrast with
present-day 0,54 km3. Then in prospect on share of the irrigation
will remain whole 0,42 km3 water per annum. For rational use
disposable water resource on southeast of the country, on our opinion,
necessary fart orientate some directions of the development of the economy of
the region. The second direction of the development of the branches of the
economy in the field of - rekreation. Moreover, for full-scale development of
the zones of the rest and tourism possible to develop the pondly fish
facilities on the basis mountain current of water Zailiyskogo and Dzhungarskogo
Alatau. The Sewages city, as well as populated points after preliminary peelings
possible to direct on flight of the wood plantings that will allow to reduce
contamination surrounding ambiences.
Use the unique
phenomena oz. Balkash for rekreation and sanitary integer also can bring about
desired result. For power supply recreation object and pond of fish facilities
possible to use the energy winds. The Extensive territory of the plains create
the condition for building windenergys installation with acceptable velocity
winds.
Thereby, possible economic effectively to use and distribute the water
facility between branch of the economy and natural complex in pool of the
rivers, as well as take the correcting decisions on control water resource in conditions of the change water economical and
ecological situations in pool of the rivers.
Literature
1. Analytical
reference to meeting of the council-board to safety of the Republic Kazakhstan
"About shaping the national strategy of provision by water Republic
Kazakhstan on long-term prospect - Astana: KVR MSH RK, 2006. - 45 s.
2. Water facility
Kazakhstan (surface and underground water, modern condition - Smolyar V.A.,
Boer B.V. and others Spravochnik.- Almaty: Gylym, 2002.- 596 s.
3. The Scheme of
the complex use and guard water resource pool yard Or with influx. That 1. The
Book 1. The Consolidated note. PC Kazgiprovodhoz. KVR MSH RK. Almaty, 2008
4. Zaurbek A.K.,
Ibatullin S.R. Kenshimov A.K. The Problems of the use water resource in
Republic Kazakhstan //Scientific provision as factor to stability of the
development water facilities: Amicable agreement public. science. - pr. konf. -
Taraz, 2005. - S. 59 - 68.
K.t.n.,
doc. Zhandauletova F.R., d.t.n., prof. Zaurbek A.K.,
k.t.n.,
doc. Seytasanov I.S.
Condition and prospects of the use water resource
Kazakhstan
They are considered questions modern level use water
resource under investigation region, which key problem is a provision on
prospect of the firm development of the branches.
The different variants of the decision on a matter of
the qualitative improvement social-ekologo-economic development Kazakhstan are
Offered.
REFERENCE ABOUT AUTHOR
1. Name - Zhandauletova Farida Rustembekovna
2. Name
of the article - a condition and prospects of the use water resource Kazakhstan
3. Section to conferences - an Ecology
4.
Place of the work - a pulpit Hydraulics and agriculture water-supply, Kazakh national agrarian university
5. Job
title - an assistant professor
6. The
degree - k.t.n.
7.
Scientist rank - an assistant professor
8.
Postal address - 0500100, pr. Abaya, 8, KNAU
9. The
contact telephones - 8-777-370-47-03 sot., 8 /327/262-17-66 rab.,
8/327/376-43-13 houses.
10.
Address of the e-mail /å-mail:
Zhrfarida@mail.ru
11.
Date 19.07.2011
12.
Signature
1. Name - Zaurbek Auelbek
Karibaevich
2. Name
of the article - a Condition and prospects of the use water resource Kazakhstan
3. Section to conferences - an Ecology
4.
Place of the work - a pulpit Hydraulics and agriculture water-supply, Kazakh national agrarian university
5. Job
title - a professor
6. The
degree - d.t.n.
7.
Scientist rank - a professor
8.
Postal address - 0500100, pr. Abaya, 8, KNAU
9. The
contact telephones - 8 /327/262-17-66 rab., 8/327/264-04-99 houses.
10.Àäðåñ e-mail /å-mail/ JAKAJAK @rambler.ru
11.
Date 19.07.2011
12.
Signature
1. Name - Seytasanov Ibragim Smatovich
2. Name
of the article - a condition and prospects of the use water resource Kazakhstan
3. Section to conferences - an Ecology
4.
Place of the work - a pulpit Hydraulics and agriculture water-supply, Kazakh national agrarian university
5. Job
title - an assistant professor
6. The
degree - k.t.n.
7.
Scientist rank - an assistant professor
8.
Postal address - 0500100, pr. Abaya, 8, KNAU
9. The
contact telephones - 8-701-655-87-90 sot., 8 /327/262-17-66 rab.,
8/327/227-07-49 houses.
10.
Address of the e-mail /å-mail:
ssibragim@mail.ru
11. Date 19.07.2011
12. Signature