Экономические науки/4. Инвестиционная деятельность и фондовые рынки

Zmiienko M.A.

National Technical University of Ukraine "Kiev Polytechnic Institute", Ukraine

THE ROLE OF INVESTMENT STRATEGY IN THE INVESTMENT PROCESS

Formation of the investment potential of the country is extremely important part of strategic economic development of this country. It is by attracting investment resources the country can enforce an extremely important task, which in future will form a number of competitive advantages in economic and social terms.

Investments are all kinds of material and intellectual values invested in the facilities, business and other activities that aim to get a positive economic effect. It is necessary to say that property and intellectual resources only acquire investment properties, when they take a direct part in the investment activities of economic agents. That value as investments have certain features, including the need to first select the following:

- specified purpose attachment data values, a certain effect, which is to receive investment of such resources;

- the possibility of determining the equivalent value in cash.

During the economic crisis the investment is helping to solve problems that affect the stabilization of the economy, strengthening its processes, as well as increasing its activity. The cumulative effect increases the overall level of economic attractiveness for investors, but also identifies potential opportunities to further develop the national economy.

State investment in the country can be estimated by analyzing key economic indicators, the main ones is:

- the total investment;

- the share of investment in GDP;

- the share of real investment in total investment;

- the total amount of real investment share of real investment directed to fixed capital, etc.

In Ukraine, the most common forms of investments are in fixed investment and foreign direct investment.

Making the financing of fixed capital may occur due to various sources, among which are financing the state budget, local budgets, and others. In Ukraine, the most popular are attracting own funds, to ensure that its own primary objective of investment activities, namely: the creation, expansion and reconstruction and modernization of production facilities.

Another highly developed type of investment activity in Ukraine is to attract foreign direct investment. This type of investment can be represented as attracting credit resources and international investment institutions, corporations and foreign companies, joint ventures, carried out without financial intermediaries in the production funds to receipt of income and participation in production management. In the Ukrainian economic system, foreign direct investment has taken extraordinary development and thus the amount of borrowed funds is growing every year.

In the context of structural building strategy for national economic investment strategy plays a key role. In modern economic literature the notion of investment strategy is defined as the formation of long-term investment goals and choosing the most effective ways to achieve.

It should also be noted that the formation of investment strategy is a creative process, but as in any activity, during its determination to use the general algorithm of the process of its development.

Investment strategy is a complex long-term investment goal that are defined on the basis of the overall objectives of a business entity, and election of the most effective ways to achieve them. The investment strategy must necessarily take into account the mission and goals of the entity's external and internal factors influence and build on the strategic priorities of a particular national economic system.

In determining the strategic priorities should be based on existing competitive advantages in the global market, which are expressed primarily in the presence of high technologies development. Currently in areas where there are serious technological momentum and kept potential benefits include aviation, metallurgy, energy, machinery, machine tools, biotechnology and others.

The strategy of investment activities play an important role science-based definition of investment priorities and their compliance with state interests, the program targets the national revival of Ukraine, the rapid economic crisis and achieving stability and growth of the economy. Sami on the priority areas of scientific and technological progress should be possible to target investment and resources. The development of current and future high-tech industries can claim only those countries that are able to provide high level science, technology, education, culture, organization management and labor discipline.

Thus, the implementation strategy for national economic development is directly linked to the growth and quality of investment, creating favorable conditions for attracting investments.

Having added all the above said, we can conclude that investment processes in Ukraine are developing rather actively. Since independence, the amount raised through investment funds into the economy of our country, steadily growing from year to year.

The most advanced forms of investment to Ukrainian economy are investment in fixed capital and direct foreign investment. Although these types of investments and do not belong to the same classification group (not classified at a single sign), but they form the largest group of investment activity.

The development and stable growth of investment in fixed assets is primarily due to the fact that domestic enterprises are extremely necessary to modernize and diversify just fixed assets. Because a significant number of strategic industrial enterprises were set up back in the Soviet Union and now urgently need data to bring production capacity in line with the requirements of modernity.