Report

Drying process of bio–objects in the flow of low-temperature plasma.

Burlev M.Ya.

The following methods are drying process of bio-objects convective, contact (conductive), sublimation, radiation, ultrasound, high and super high frequency currents.

The specialists in the sphere of the drying process introduce a new way to "drying process of bio–objects in the flow of low – temperature plasma”. The word "plasma" (from the Greek language"plasma" – "legalized") in the middle of the 19 century was named part of the colorless blood (without the red and white cells) and liquid filling in living cells. In 1929, American physicists Irving Longmuir (1857-1881) and Levi Tonka (1897 – 1971) were called plasma ionized gas in gas – discharge tube.

British physicist William Crookes (1832-1919), who studied electrical discharge in the tube with the rarefied air, wrote: "phenomenons in the vacuum in tubes are discovering physical science a new world in which matter can exist in the fourth condition of measurement".

Any substance in the depending from temperature changes its characteristics. The water in negative temperatures (by Celsius) is in the solid state, in the range from 0 to 100⁰C – in the liquid above 100⁰C is gas. If the temperature continues to rise, atoms and molecules begin to lose their electrons – are ionized and gas into plasma. Under the plasma in physics to understand gas consisting of electrically charged and neutral particles in which the total electric charge is zero. It is possible to create in the laboratory plasma using high voltage discharge in a vacuum. Plasma is usually divided into ideal and not ideal, low–temperature and high–temperature, the stable equilibrium and unstable equilibrium, often low temperature plasma (sometimes called cold plasma) can be unstable equilibrium, equilibrium and hot plasma can be stable equilibrium. The most widely used low–temperature plasma, which is used in lighting engineering, gas lasers, etc. Since the creation of low–temperature plasma phenomenon known a long time ago, so research should be subject to certain conditions. For example, the vacuum should be less than 1 mm Hg (Torr), tension within 20 – 30 thousand Volt and the use of a particular environment. For example, pair of water gives a certain white – pink, other substances form a glowing gas in another color.

In the laboratory of “Technology equipment industry processes” Moscow State University of Food Industries were conducted experiments and studies under the guidance of professor Ilyukhin V.V. new drying process a bio–object in the flow of low–temperature plasma. In these experiments used electronic temperature unstable equilibrium plasma, this is substantially lower than the ions. This is due to the difference in the masses of the electron and ion, which makes it difficult to exchange energy. Therefore, the temperature was 300⁰K (Kelvin) and above. When applying temperature below 300⁰K drying process is sublimation (freezing). Therefore, the substance may be frozen or not frozen.

It was created the device that consists of a gas – discharge tube, vacuum pump and high – voltage power source. The original objective was to create stable state plasma discharge tube–rings (waves) Longmuir. In our experimental variant of rarefied air, (ionization of atoms of oxygen) was characterized by the dazzling white-blue and the water vapor in the process of drying agents, gave gently – pink glow in rings (waves) Longmuir. Other substances form a glowing gas in another color.

Subsequent stage must be placed the bio–object in the form of a powder of dry milk humidity approximately 20-25% and analyze its condition after exposure of the low–temperature plasma flow. Particles of a bio-object coaxially took kind of spirals rotating in the direction of glowing rings Longmuir. The interval ranged from 10 to 30 seconds. Particles of bio–object rotated in the vacuum of space. You can sum up the energy during the drying process; to control the motion path of a particle a bio–object. It is necessary; in for the particles of powdered milk were good characteristics for its transportation.

Another feature is that, once we have the low – temperature plasma, you can additionally place the particles of powdered milk (substance) in electromagnetic field. We can control the rotation of particles and thereby generate additional heat and mass transfer. To create an electromagnetic field, used engine, from which removed the rotor and in the stator of electric motor precisely along the central axis was placed the gas – discharge tube. Particles of substances (powders of the bio – object) fixed on a spiral, under the action of a rotating electromagnetic field in the flow of low – temperature plasma. Additionally particles of powdered milk were charging, which made it possible to control the evaporation of moisture.

Detailed status of a bio–object has not been studied of chemical–technological properties, but the humidity decreased and amounted to 1.5%.

Conclusion is clear; a new type of drying process “Drying process of bio–objects in the flow of low-temperature plasma” has to be place and further experiments and experiments.

Abstracts

In the sphere of the drying process introduce a new way to "drying process of bio–objects in the flow of low – temperature plasma”. In these experiments used electronic temperature unstable equilibrium plasma, this is substantially lower than the ions. This is due to the difference in the masses of the electron and ion, which makes it difficult to exchange energy. Therefore, the temperature was 300⁰K (Kelvin) and above. When applying temperature below 300⁰K drying process is sublimation (freezing). Therefore, the substance may be frozen or not frozen. Subsequent stage must be placed the bio–object in the form of a powder of dry milk humidity approximately 20-25% and analyze its condition after exposure of the low–temperature plasma flow. Particles of a bio-object coaxially took kind of spirals rotating in the direction of glowing rings Longmuir. The interval ranged from 10 to 30 seconds. Another feature is that, once we have the low – temperature plasma, you can additionally place the particles of powdered milk (substance) in electromagnetic field. We can control the rotation of particles and thereby generate additional heat and mass transfer. To create an electromagnetic field, used engine, from which removed the rotor and in the stator of electric motor precisely along the central axis was placed the gas – discharge tube. Particles of substances (powders of the bio – object) fixed on a spiral, under the action of a rotating electromagnetic field in the flow of low – temperature plasma. The humidity particles of powdered milk decreased and amounted to 1.5%.