10. Economics of the enterprise
Zhdamirov Yevhen
Sumy national agrarian university, Ukraine
ORGANIZATION
OF ECONOMICAL ENTERPRISE RESOURCE FLOWS MANAGEMENT
An enterprise is a very complex economic system
and the basis of its effective functioning and constant growth is management in
an external and internal conditions. In order to provide stability of the
enterprise it should have the most important strategic resource – its resource
potential that unites social, productive, economic and ecologic component. That
question is of great actuality because of economic and political instability,
business globalization, entrepreneurial risks increasing and rough competition.
Any enterprise forms its resource flows itself
that enables to settle the specific features and determine the perspectives of
future growth. In order to provide the effectiveness and stability of the
enterprise it is necessary to operate the potential, therefore the economic
resource.
The process of forming of resource potential of
an enterprise is the one of the directions of its economic strategy, it
provides creation and organization of the system of economic resources and its
direction in such a way, that the result of their interrelation would be a
factor of success in reaching of strategic, tactic and operation aims of
enterprise activity.
Economic resource management is a complex
process that is treated as a process of decision making, directed on rational
utilization, growth and optimization of economic potential of the enterprise in
order to reach the set goals and providing stable operation and development of
the enterprise.
The main tasks of resource flows management is
formation, utilization and reproduction. Formation of the resource flows acts
as a process of identification and creation of entrepreneurial possibilities
directions, its structuring and building of the certain organizational forms
for stable development and effective resource reproduction. Utilization of the
resource potential of an enterprise occurs as a process involving of economic resources,
which were revealed during resource potential planning. Reproduction of
resource potential of the enterprise is oriented on constant renovation of
goods production with less resource part but higher quality, which is an
important component of a general structure of resource potential.
The resource potential management of the
enterprise consists of separate operational cycles, each of them can be divided
on the set of independent operations. These operations are: gathering and
transmission of data, its processing and analyzing, decision making on the
basis of analysis, delegating and implementation, comparing received decisions
with indicators and its planned volumes.
Economic resource planning must be directed on
utilization of two main features: firstly, innovation activity, therefore using
of scientific-technical, organizational and economical innovations that are
interrelated with correspondent investigations of market environment. Secondly,
sequence of the own creation of goods production with the wishes of clients and
quality.
In order to get qualitative economic resource
management at the enterprise, the mechanism of formation and utilization of
economic resources must be based on system and complexity principles. System
principle provides the existence of economic resource management mechanism as a
specific dynamic system. System is a complex of elements that are
interconnected and interrelated between each other, forming such a unity. The
determinant system principles are:
integrity, that provides a principal impossibility of gathering system
features to the sum of the features of its components. That principle
determines the dependence of each element, features and relations of the system
on its place, functions inside of the whole mechanism; structure, that makes
possible to describe system through determination of its structure;
interdependence of system and external environment, that provides that system
forms and reveals its features in the process of cooperation with an external
environment; continuity in management. Competitiveness management is not a
one-shot process. It has continuous, constant character; composition, therefore
sequence of common and private goal; integration, that directs system on a high
level of organization; information awareness, that determines information
supply as a main demand of competitiveness.
Systematic approach in economic flow management
helps to investigate deeply an object of management, get fuller picture of it,
and determine causal effect relation between the components of resource
potential of the enterprise. Complexity principle should be treated as
proportionally interrelated development of economic recourses management system
as a single whole, which provides interconnection of all subsystems and
elements.
One of the ways of perfection of resource
utilization on all levels of economic activity of the enterprise is
determination of motivation priorities of human resources in order to upgrade
an enterprise economic resource management system. The process of creation of
motivation system is impossible to implement without an adaptive choice of
motivation directions of human resources on different stages of development of
certain strategy, and also without forecasting of a degree of motivational
influences on all administrative levels, that will provide considerable
increase in efficiency of enterprise economic resources management.
Another way of enterprise resources potential
development is innovations. Innovation process is always directed on
implementation of finished scientific investigations and projects and other
scientific-technical achievements into the practical enterprise activity. It
will provide perfection of the economic resources management structure of the
enterprise corresponding to realization of its aims, exact cooperation of
subsystems interrelations and search for shadow potential reserves. Innovation
style of the economic resources management of the enterprise provides as a
whole system of main elements, that regulates the process of management of its
innovation activity.
Using of information technologies and systems
is a guarantee of a successful economic resources management of the enterprise.
Using of modern computers, means of communication for gathering, processing and
transmission of information greatly influences on methods of utilization of the
function of economic resources management of the enterprise, creates conditions
for more operative and qualitative execution. All this provides perfection of
the management as a whole and its structure levels separately.
That’s why the process of investigation showed
that in order to increase the effectiveness of the enterprise economic
resources management is needed to use all the levers that will positively
influence on the enterprise economic resources management and its whole
development. In the conditions of present changes and dynamic transformation
processes in Ukraine enterprises should extend and expand investigation
processes in the branch of theory and practice of economic resources
management.