Педагогические науки/5. Современные методы преподавания
Pomelova M.S.
Arzamas stat pedagogical institute, Russia
Possibilities
of application of modern interactive means in educational process
Modern formation is focused on innovative development,
application of modern techniques of training and the newest means and modes of
study. One of perspective directions of a development of education, in new
conditions, introduction of interactive training is.
Interactive
training is, first of all, dialogue training in which course development of
experience by the trainee (spontaneous or specially organized) on the basis of
interaction with something (computer) or someone (person) is carried out. We
will allocate two approaches to definition of interactive training: psychological
and technological.
With positions of
the psychological approach, under an interactive method of training, understand
the method of the training constructed on strengthened intersubject interaction
of all participants of process of training. In this case interactive training –
training in a mode of the strengthened interaction and dialogue of subjects of
process of training.
The technological
approach means an interactive method of training, as the method of training
constructed on use of possibilities of a two-way communication of tutorials.
Then interactive training is a training, in a mode of interaction of the person
and a tutorial (as a kind of electronic training – training in a mode of
interaction of the person and the computer).
Application of modern information technology in
training is one of the basic directions of development of domestic education.
Therefore
information technology
widely takes root at interactive training.
In a context of use of information technology as
interactivity understand possibility of the user actively to cooperate with a
data carrier, the term «interactive dialogue» is more often used. I.V.Robert
defines interactive dialogue as interaction of the user with the program
system, characterized (unlike dialogue, assuming an exchange of text commands,
inquiries, answers, invitations) realization of more developed means of
conducting dialogue (for example, possibility to ask questions in the
involuntary form with "keyword" use, in shape with the limited character
set), is thus provided possibility of a choice of variants of the maintenance
of a teaching material, an operating mode. The interactive mode of interaction
of the user from the COMPUTER is characteristic that its each inquiry is caused
by reciprocal action of the program and, on the contrary, a remark of last
demands reaction of the user [1, с. 230].
Let's
allocate the basic interactive tutorials which are to some extent applied in
educational process: interactive projectors; interactive boards; interactive
panels; interactive displays; interactive tablets; interactive computers;
interactive systems of voting; interactive systems of testing; interactive
presentation tribunes; interactive projective complete sets; interactive
projective prefixes; an interactive educational office; interactive manuals.
The
means of training possessing possibility of interactive dialogue, this all
tools on the basis of the computer technologies, including modern hardware and
the software. The most widespread interactive tutorial – an interactive board. The majority of schools
are equipped by interactive boards within the limits of the national project «Formation».
Key
possibilities of the interactive boards qualitatively distinguishing them from
a projector and the screen, carry the following: introduction of records over
the deduced image, preservation of the received image, concealment of objects,
a conformity designation between objects or concepts, visual effects and
animated objects. The interactive boards completed with systems of voting or
tablets, allow to organize feedback with pupils.
Application
of interactive boards in training allows to solve a number of pedagogical
problems: qualitatively to change material giving; to
raise interest to a subject; to expand kinds of
educational activity;
to save school hours.
One
of perspective directions of application of interactive technologies, the
interactive textbooks representing a programmno-methodical complex are,
providing possibility independently to master a training course or its big
section. In a basis of such textbooks interactive interaction trained with the
information training environment is necessary. Interactive textbooks unite
properties of the usual textbook, a directory, the book of problems and a laboratory practical work and a training
apparatus.
Let's allocate a number of didactic advantages of interactive
textbooks over traditional (printing): use of several channels of perception in
educational process; an individual trajectory of training; material
representation by various ways; representation of processes in the dynamic
form; modeling of difficult real experiments; visualization of the abstract
maintenance; management of process of training by creation of problem
situations; motivation to training.
Interactive training apparatus serve for working off
and fastening of technical skills of the decision of problems. They provide
information reception under the theory and receptions of the decision of
problems, training at various levels of independence, control and
self-checking. Give auxiliary means (the calculator, tables,
"notebook", the automatic decision of subtasks, etc.). As a rule,
include modes: the theory, demonstration of receptions, work with the tutor,
independent work, self-checking. The interactive means focused on control of
knowledge, are supervising programs or the software intended for check
(estimation) of quality of knowledge.
Interactive directories, databases of educational
appointment are intended for storage and a presentation to the pupil of the
various educational information of help character. For them the hierarchical
organization of a material and means of fast information search in various
signs or on a context are characteristic. Such programs have purely information
function and their unique, but essential advantage before traditional books of
problems – efficiency of reception of the information. Interactive directories
are usually presented to networks the Internet on educational sites.
Application
of interactive tutorials allows to build the problem and lichnostno-focused
training, promotes mastering of scientific concepts and laws, raise motivation
and interest to training.
The literature:
1. Information and communication technologies in formation: the Uchebno-methodical
grant for pedagogical high schools / I.V.Robert. – М: Institute of information of formation of the
Russian Open Society, 2006. – 374 p.