Ruden V.V., Zaremba N.I., Gutor T.G.

Ukraine, Danylo Halycky Lviv National Medical University

The level of awareness of medical students about the effects of smoking and alcohol consumption on their health.

(Based on surveys)

Introduction. Creating theoretical and professional skills of future doctors, during their education in medical schools requires not only systematic studies and effort in acquiring knowledge, but is also good health of students is important. An important element is developing a healthy lifestyle attitudes and awareness of future physicians about the effects of the impact of stimulants on their bodies.

Purpose. To know the level of awareness of young students on the impact of harmful habits on the human body in the process of shaping the foundations of healthy lifestyles.

Materials and methods. Studies conducted on the advice pieses of 243 students (p <0.05), the fourth year of medicine, Danylo Halycky Lviv National Medical University, using a specially developed program " Survey on the harmful effects of risk factors on the body in daily life " . Obtained on the basis of survey research material were analyzed using statistical, mathematical and structural - logical methods taking into account the principles of consistency.

The results of the study. Respondents made a self-assessment of health status and the analysis showed that 55.97 ± 3.18% described their health as satisfactory, and 33.74 ± 3.03% felt that their health is good. However, 9.47 ± 1.88% of the respondents believe their health is poor and 0.82 ± 0.58% of future physicians rated their health as very poor.

The study proved that the majority of future health professionals (99.18 ± 0.58%) consciously agree that a healthy lifestyle has a direct impact on human health – and 0.82 ± 0.58% of the respondents agree with this statement, but on a subconscious level.

It was found that 97.12 ± 1.07% of the respondents consciously understand the negative impact of smoking on their health, and 1.65 ± 0.82% of the respondents are intuitively aware of the negative impact of this factor on their organism, and 1.23 ± 0, 71 % of students due to ignorance does not try to analyze the impact of smoking on their health.

With the proposed 10-point scale, future doctors declared that smoking, has average negative effects on their health with the power 3.02 ± 0.20 points. There were identified (p <0.01) the differences of the average value of points depending on the level of perception of the habit: for people who are consciously aware of the harmful effects of smoking the score was 2.97 ± 0.20, while students who intuitively believe that smoking is harmful reach the level of 4.25 ± 0.18 points, while in the respondents unaware of the dangers of factor score increases to 5.00 ± 0.11 points. However, a significant difference in the effects of smoking on the body of students by sex is not demonstrated (p> 0.05) in males the average score was 3.28 ± 0.32, and in females 2.86 ± 0.26 points.

In this case the effects of smoking on people’s body who declare the level of good health reached , while in students with a satisfactory health it reached 3.24 ± 0.28 points, and people with poor health - 3.48 ± 0.62 points, while students with very poor health 0.00 points.

Later, there was studied the awareness of medical students about the dangerous effect of alcohol on their health. It was found that 90.12 ± 1.91% of the respondents consciously understand the negative effects of alcohol on their health, and 8.23 ± 1.76% of the respondents are subconsciously aware of the negative impact of this factor on their health and 1.65 ± 0.82 % of respondents did not even attempt to analyze this issue.

Medical students evaluated the negative impact of alcohol on their body at the level of 2.72 ± 0.15 percentage points, where the men received 3.40 ± 0.22 points (p <0.05) and women 2.30 ± 0.18 points .

It has been proven (p <0.01) that the difference in the importance of the average level of negative impact of alcohol on the body depends on how to percept the factor: people who consciously understand the harmfulness of alcohol reached 2.55 ± 0.14 points, while the students who analyze the impact factor intuitively raised the threshold point to 4.60 ± 0.16 points, while the respondents who were unaware of the dangers of alcohol gained 4.25 ± 0.13 points.

In this case, in those declaring good health the level of the impact of alcohol on the body reached 3.18 ± 0.24 points, while the students with a satisfactory state of health - 2.51 ± 0.20 points, respondents with poor health - 2.22 ± 0.36 points and the interviewees from a very poor state of health of 3.00 ± 0.06 points.

Conclusions. The results of sociological research among medical students clearly define that:

1. There is a significant difference (p <0.01) degree of negative impact of smoking and drinking alcohol on the body of medical students based on their awareness about the dangers of bad habits. Clearly show, that the students who are aware of the dangers of risk factors less frequently reach them, and therefore care more about their own health.

2. Development and implementation of organizational and functional model of awareness about the dangers of risk factors based on levels of human consciousness is the basis for improving the health of students.