ANALYSIS
OF DEVELOPMENT
E-LEARNING
G.D.
Takenova, E.B. Mukazhanov
Taldykorgan
Polytechnic College, Taldykorgan, Kazakhstan
The State Programme
of Education Development for 2011-2020 identifies priorities for creating a
unified information educational environment. In particular, the needed
"basis to form a unified system of information and scientific and
methodological support of educational development and to create sectoral
information system for effective management of facilities and processes of
education."
The strategic plan
of the Ministry of Education and Science of Kazakhstan for 2011-2015 also
indicates the need to "develop information and communication
infrastructure of the Ministry and integrated scientific and educational space,
which creates conditions for remote methodical teacher interaction."
In this paper, we
assess the current status of informatization in the organization of technical
and vocational education, as well as define the necessary measures to enhance
the processes to implement e-learning systems.
In world practice,
e-learning has become an integral part of modern education. The level of the
spread of e-learning Kazakhstan lags behind world leaders in this area (USA,
Finland, Singapore, South Korea, Canada, Australia, New Zealand) for several
years. This creates educational models in these countries, and economic leaders
are successfully working to achieve the strategic goal - improving the
competitiveness of the country.
The current state
of the material and technical base of technical and vocational education in the
field of information can be characterized as insufficient to move to the
widespread introduction of e-learning systems.
In the past few
years, educational organizations are actively developing its technology infrastructure.
So far in the Republic the ratio of computers to the number of students is 20
students to a computer in rural schools - 18. From 14% to 24% of computers
within schools combined local networks. 3,079 schools and 346 organizations for
technical and vocational education (colleges, high schools) are equipped with
interactive whiteboards. Equipped language laboratories in 2532 and multimedia
classrooms. 31% of schools connected to broadband Internet, 77% of the books
translated into digital format.
However, the
republic does not keep statistics on equipping teachers computers. In this
working rule for the number of computer workstations for the teachers (one job
in four teachers) is outdated because the modern school computer requires every
teacher.
Administration
issues of ICT support and development infrastructure in educational
institutions are often passed on to the teachers of informatics, in the absence
of IT staff.
Ministry is taking
measures to create educational resources in the form of e-books, multimedia
educational programs. However, by electronic textbooks, manuals and programs
are distributed on CD and DVD, not a web-based and are not intended for sharing
and reuse across the Internet.
In the area of e-learning
in the Republic of Kazakhstan adopted standards for CT 34.016-2004
"hardware and software of distance learning. General technical
requirements and ST RK 34.017-2005 "Information technology. Electronic
edition. When creating e-learning courses developers should take into account
the requirement to support international standards, to ensure their
compatibility based on SCORM, which is the de facto standard systems
e-learning. However, compliance with educational standards for the electronic
development of Kazakhstan is still recommendatory norm.
In 2008, approved
the regulations on the organization of work on the preparation, examination and
publication of textbooks, teaching materials and manuals.
However, the lists
of permitted educational literature, including e-books are not published on the
Internet and, accordingly, are not accessible to potential users of educational
resources.
A separate issue is
the development and promotion of copyright of electronic development of
teachers. There is currently no uniform requirements defined by the
distribution procedure of such resources, there are no working mechanisms of
motivation and incentives for teachers, developing electronic learning
materials. Not conducted ratings of the best developments.
An important
condition for the functioning of e-learning systems is to ensure transparency
and openness of the educational process, in accordance with best international
practices and the need for positioning Kazakhstan education in international
rankings TIMSS, PISA, carried out by the International Association for
Assessment of academic achievements.
Kazakhstan
educational environment is presented on the web sites of educational
organizations, the regional Department of Education and its subordinate bodies
of the Ministry. Catalogues of electronic educational resources available on
the Internet is only available from developers. No single catalog of
educational sites in Kazakhstan, which prevents wide dissemination of
information on education, informatization of education, promotion of Kazakh
educational resources.
Modern information
educational environment should unite all parties: the structural units of the
Ministry and its subordinate organizations, regional education departments,
managers and directly to teachers of educational institutions, students and
their parents.
Taking into account
the needs of all participants in an environment of interaction can only provide
an open data network - the Internet. At the same time information system to
support the educational process should ensure the participation of parents to
obtain information about the pupils, their attendance, sharing information with
school heads, teachers and caregivers. Via the Internet should be available
full information about testing the various disciplines, conducted contests, the
outcome of these events, as well as tests in preparation for the unified
national testing.
E-learning system
includes the possibility of distance learning with intensive use of network
technologies, through a local network and the global Internet.
On Internet sites
accessible open distance learning system Moodle, which contains a fully
functional modular environment, LMS (Learning Management System) and
standardized in terms of international standards for technology in education.
However, due to lack of access to Internet educational organizations and
potential users of this system is not widely used in Kazakhstan.
Thus, the use of
e-learning will have an effect only when it is integrated in real learning processes
in the interaction with all participants in these processes.
The purpose of a
unified e-learning systems for secondary, technical and vocational education:
the development of quality educational services for participants of the
educational process and equal access to them through the use of ICT.
To achieve this
goal it is necessary to accomplish the following tasks:
1. Development of regulatory
support e-learning systems
2. Development of
technological infrastructure of educational institutions
3. The development of ICT in
the learning process
4. The development of digital
educational resources
5. Organizational support and
training of users of e-learning
The main directions
and mechanisms for implementing e-learning systems:
To ensure that the
e-learning systems required legal and regulatory support in the following
areas:
1. creating the regulatory
framework of the Organization of e-learning and integration of results in the
final certification of students;
2. introduction of state educational
standards and curriculum requirements for knowledge, skills and abilities in
the subjects on the basis of ICT;
3. development of a single
corporate standard for the organization of secondary education, with a list of
software and hardware, the recommended performance;
4. establishment of
regulations to individual and collective work of members of the training
process by using a single e-learning systems;
5. establishment of a full
instructional-methodological basis for the use of approved digital learning
resources;
6. creating a system of
training of ICT-qualified staff and training of teachers and trainers on the
application of digital educational resources;
7. mechanisms of formation,
selection and distribution of digital educational resources;
8. establishment of mechanisms
to disseminate the best educational materials produced by teachers using ICT as
well as motivating and encouraging teachers-writers;
9. organization of work of
expert panels on digital educational resources.
Literature:
1. ST RK 34.016-2004
"hardware and software of distance learning. General technical requirements. "