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Turymbetov .A.

Doctor of technical sciences

Caspian State University of Technology and Engineering named after Sh. Yessenov

 

Tuyakbayeva ..

Ahmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University

master student

Turkestan, Kazakhstan

 

The condition of directed every which way tunnels in transversally-isotropic environment with not continuous coupling of inclined layers elastic-creeping

 

Horizontal underground cavities, in the form of diagonal developments depending on a direction of their longitudinal axis concerning a line of spread of inclined layers subdivided into three groups: the drift-cavities passed along line of layers spread, the cross-cuts-developments put transversally of layers spread and diagonal cavities-developments, intermediate between drifts and cross-cuts.

The intense and deformed condition of these horizontal cavities except for a mutual arrangement, depth location, and form of cross section depends also from elastic and creeping properties of an environmental mountain massif.

The research of law of distribution elastic & -creeping voltage and moving near to cavities of any depth location and forms of section in dependence also from non-uniform - cracked structures is not only theoretical interest, but also direct practical meaning.

Directed every which way underground cavities superficial location in heavy trans trope a file depending on degree discontinuity flaw coupling of small inclined layers at an angle φ when longitudinal axes of cavities make any corner ψ with a line of plane spread of the isotropy coinciding with a plane of cracks. We will designate through depth location developments with distance between their centers L.

Equation of the generalized Guks law anisotropic massif with cavities at generalized flat deformation concerning Cartesian system of Oxyz coordinates (see fig.1) enters the name as

; (1)

where, ,

- factors of deformations determined by the formulas [1]:

(2)

 

 

Figure 1. The settlement scheme of studying of an anisotropic massif tension

)Spatial kind; b) the generalized flat kind; c)a plane with periodic system of cracks

 

 

In these formulas - effective elastic constants trans trope massif equivalent on rigidity to an anisotropic massif with cracks, which depend from elastic constants of the last and cracks geometry . [2-4].

By means of Z.S.Erzhanovs rocks creep theory and a method of final elements in the conditions of the generalized flat deformation laws of creeping pressure distribution and moving near pair diagonal cavities in powerful creeping trans trope massif are investigated.

Time processes (at t> 0) near to underground cavities are caused by display of properties of creep of surrounding rocks. For their research, involving main principles of the Z.S.Erzhanovs creep rocks theory (2) resulted elastic constants and factors of Puasson are replaced with temporary operator

, (3)

, - nucleus of a heredity.

As have shown laboratory researches [5] creeping parameters anisotropic of mountain breeds a little bit change in different directions.

Therefore in job temporary operators are set as

, .

 

Then creeping parameters of mountain breeds at commutative nucleus creeping are determined by the formulas ;

creeping parameters of mountain breeds, time.

At account of the intense condition of diagonal cavities in conditions isotropic display of properties of trans trope mountain breeds creeping the meanings of temporary modules for t=120 and t=600 are used, [2].

In a heavy untouched massif the distribution of the basic voltage is represented by Dinnikov and with factors of lateral pressure by being functions of elastic constant environment and corners φ, ψ.

By virtue of complexity of the task strict decision about the intense condition diagonal cavities in a heavy massif in conditions mountain breeds creeping, in this work is involved numerical methods of the analysis of a Method of Final Elements with isoparametric settlement elements at generalized of flat deformation.

The researched settlement area with cavities automatically is broken on isoparametric elements with help of the program FEM_3D in Delphi object-oriented environment. On each unit the vertical force from weights works.

All component of moving are represented as function from coordinates x, z of cross section of cavities.

The basic system of the algebraic equations about 3N concerning moving components with N of units, with which help the investigated area is broken into elements, is decided by an iterative method GaussSeidel method with factor of top relaxation Previously program complex is tested on the decisions of known test tasks.

The multivariate accounts on calculation of voltage components near to cavities of vaulted cross section are carried out at different parameters: depths of location corners φ, ψ and degree of coupling of layers, which is defined through the periods of cracks.

The attention on law of distribution a vertical voltage on the crosspiece - pillar between cavities and on components moving and five components a voltage in points of contours pulled together drift is especially removed (ψ=0).

The table 1 contains voltage meanings and vertical moving in points of contours of cavities (see fig.2). The numbering of cavities contours points numbers is shown in this figure.

The table 1. Meanings elastic - creeping vertical moving and pressure in points gangue contours of cavities in a massif with not continuous coupling of layers at

t=120 and t=600 =6

The left cavity

t=120

t=600

 w/a=6.0

1

0,045

-0,610

0,001

0,000

0,071

-0,943

0,001

0,000

2

0,053

-0,588

0,001

0,001

0,082

-0,908

0,001

0,000

3

0,043

-0,514

0,000

0,001

0,067

-0,795

0,000

0,001

4

0,012

-0,420

0,000

0,001

0,018

-0,649

0,000

0,001

5

-0,013

-0,348

0,000

0,000

-0,020

-0,538

0,000

0,000

6

0,003

-0,251

0,001

0,001

0,005

-0,388

0,001

0,001

7

0,000

-0,113

0,001

0,000

0,001

-0,174

0,001

0,000

8

0,002

-0,248

0,001

0,001

0,002

-0,384

0,001

0,001

9

0,037

-0,348

0,000

0,000

0,058

-0,538

0,000

0,000

10

0,037

-0,409

-0,001

0,001

0,058

-0,632

-0,001

0,001

11

0,031

-0,499

0,000

0,001

0,048

-0,772

0,000

0,001

12

0,036

-0,575

0,001

0,000

0,055

-0,890

0,001

0,000

The right cavity

t=120

t=600

w/a=6.0

1

0,075

-0,591

0,002

0,000

0,116

-0,914

0,002

0,000

2

0,087

-0,582

0,002

0,001

0,134

-0,900

0,002

0,001

3

0,087

-0,526

0,000

0,001

0,134

-0,814

0,000

0,000

4

0,080

-0,443

0,000

0,000

0,124

-0,685

0,000

0,000

5

0,061

-0,373

0,000

0,000

0,094

-0,577

0,000

0,000

6

0,005

-0,267

0,000

0,000

0,007

-0,413

0,000

0,000

7

-0,008

-0,114

0,000

0,000

-0,013

-0,177

0,001

0,000

8

-0,003

-0,243

-0,001

0,001

-0,005

-0,375

0,000

0,001

9

-0,024

-0,336

0,000

-0,001

-0,036

-0,520

0,000

-0,001

10

-0,009

-0,396

-0,001

-0,001

-0,014

-0,613

-0,001

-0,001

11

0,023

-0,482

-0,001

-0,001

0,036

-0,746

-0,001

-0,001

12

0,052

-0,555

0,000

0,000

0,081

-0,858

0,000

0,000

 

Figure 2. Circuits of an arrangement of numbering of cavities contours

 

The analysis of the settlement data shows about increase of vertical moving with reduction of parameter . The dependence of vertical pressure from is essential, and influence of a corner of an cracks planes inclination on sizes of pressure and moving is significant; their distribution on contours of cavities is asymmetrical; on gangue contours of cavities on the part of hanging sides the increase moving is observed, than on the part of laying sides and such tendency in meanings of moving grows with reduction of distance of the cavities centres.

 

 

THE LITERATURE:

 

1. Zh.S.Erzhanov, Sh.M.Aitaliev, Zh..snv Stability of horizontal developments in slantwise-flaky massif. Alma-Ata, "Science" z SSR, 1971.- 160p.

2. Zh.S.Erzhanov, Sh.M.Aitaliev, Zh..ssnv Seismological-stress condition of underground structures in anisotropic layered massif. Alma-Ata, "Science" , 1980.- 212p.

3.ssnv Zh.., Omarov .D., htv N.. Static and seismological-stress of transport underground structures in anisotropic vectorially nonlinear massif. Alma-Ata: Bastau, 2002.-244p.

4. itliv SH.., ssnv ZH.. Account of mountain pressure in directed every which way horizontal developments. // Mountain pressure in capital and preparatory developments. Novosibirsk: 1973. - with 21-26.

5. Srsbv .., Siniyaev .Y., tvv V.P., udshv .F. About definition of elastic and temporary deformations on layered samples // In .: " Researches on the mechanics of mountain breeds ". Alma-Ata, "Science" .-1965.-C.45-50.