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Economics/16. Macroeconomics

Vinichenko A.V., Usachev V.A.

Donetsk National University of Economics and Trade

named after Mikhail Tugan-Baranovsky

International tourism and its role in the state's economy

Tourism is travel for recreational, leisure or business purposes. The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people "traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes" [1].

Tourism - multifaceted phenomenon including economic, social, cultural and environmental aspects, it has virtually inexhaustible potential for constant development, is closely related to many sectors, which makes him a leading role in social and economic life of countries and peoples.

Now tourism has become truly international and democratic sphere of social activity. This area of the world economy is characterized by high rates of development. Thus, in 1950, tourist trips made 25 million people, and the index of 2010, according to the World Tourism Organization (WTO), has increased 40 times as much.

The economic integration of countries - an important factor that increases the competitiveness and macroeconomic stability in the region. Typically, integration establishes the principle of free movement across borders of goods, capital, labor. Removing protectionist barriers, integration thus reducing costs, increasing the competitiveness of goods and services in the region. Of course, the socio-economic integration and international tourism can be seen as interdependent and mutually reinforcing phenomena. Strong tourist flows of tourists can adapt to living in another country travel within the language travel allow youth to establish itself on the more progressive positions abroad. So, right for travel – is not only the right to leisure, recreation and preservation of cultural identity. Right for travel - is, in particular, the right to create a more equitable international political and economic order, the right to freedom of movement and travel.

Ukraine is rapidly penetrates into the sphere of international tourism. Its aim is to capture a greater share of income as in the travel business. An example of developed countries demonstrates the possibility of obtaining significant income from the participation in international tourism relations.

Enhancing international cooperation in the development of foreign tourism, strengthening its communication functions and creating a positive image of Ukraine can be carried out at the state level and through participation in relevant international organizations. The conclusion of intergovernmental agreements and agreements between national and foreign specialized agencies of tourism on cooperation in tourism (currently has such agreements with 28 countries and is preparing a number of new ones). Cooperation with international organizations, in particular the creation and promotion of the global market of joint tourist products is a significant factor in Ukraine's integration into the global arena, and integration. Currently, Ukraine develops the international tourist cooperation within the WTO, CIS, Black Sea Economic Cooperation Organization (BSEC), Central European Initiative (CEI) with the European Union, Council of Europe, Council of Baltic Sea States, GUAM, etc.

However there are many problems that prevent the active development of international tourism in Ukraine, including the following:

1) slow growth in investment in the development of material base of tourism;

2) discrepancy significant part of the tourist facilities to international standards;

3) insufficient development of tourism, service and information infrastructure in the areas of highways and international transport corridors;

4) disagreement on the use of recreational resources and conservation.

Having analyzed the main aspects of international tourism development in Ukraine, you can identify the main trends and prospects for further development branch of the economy. Firstly, it should attract investments to create an adequate domestic supply external demand on the basis of bringing the material resources (material and technical base and infrastructure). We must organize work and production in the recreational sector to increase the flexibility and adaptability to the region's tourism offer state of affairs of the world market.

So we can say that as a result of active state policy and concerted action by all State and local authorities to promote tourism, especially in international transport corridors, the perception of international tourism as a means of integration into world and European space, as well as forms of tourism development of the integration of communications become a powerful industry. It will be significant and stable source of revenues, promote development of related industries and regions visit, respectively, and sustainable development of these regions and the country and increasing the image of Ukraine.

References:

1. UNWTO technical manual: Collection of Tourism Expenditure Statistics". World Tourism Organization. 1995. p. 10. Retrieved 26 March 2009.