Korobeynikova E.V.
Nizhniy Novgorod State
University named after N.I. Lobachevskiy, Russia
Peculiarities
of model of personal qualities of an effective manager
The
modern life of Russia is characterized by the essential changes caused by the
creation of democratic foundations and the transition to market economy. But
the above-mentioned changes having evident advantages, in practice collided
with some factors impeding them. The main reasons for the above-mentioned
problems to a great extent were lack of experience and of the enterprise
management in the market economy conditions. It is
well-known that in the pre-reform period a particular model of an effective
manager appeared that was of the administrative-bureaucratic type. The modern
situation requires another type of management close to the management of
economically developed western countries. In such conditions the accent of the
managerial activity must be made on the universal manifestation of the human
potential in work.
One of
the most important stage on the way of this problem solving is the development
of the models of the personal qualities of an effective manager (MPQEM),
containing the psychological characteristic of the subject of management in the
light of the new organizational culture at the enterprises and the following
eduction and the object-oriented elimination on the basis of the reasons for
the low efficiency of a manager in modern conditions.
The
empiric research performed at four big enterprise of the engineering industry
had the purpose of studying effective managers (by the evaluation of the
administration). The following hypotheses made the basis of the research: 1. At the modern stage of the development of Russian
business the most important individual-psychological characteristics forming MPQEM are: 1) leadership, 2) the system of social
self-identification, 3) the peculiarities of managerial solutions, 4) the
characteristics of the capacity for work;
2. The efficiency of a manager in the sphere of controlling human
resources depends on his individual-psychological peculiarities providing his
success in a concrete paradigm of management, the main characteristic of which
is the organizational culture.
As the
result of the empiric research of the indicated plants the following peculiarities
of IPQEM components were identified corresponding to each culture of
organization.
|
Peculiarities of MPQEM |
Type of organizational
culture |
|||
|
«Clan» |
«Bureaucracy» |
«Adhocracy» |
«Market» |
|
|
Leadership qualities |
The average level |
The low level |
The level higher than average |
High level |
|
Social roles |
Family and business |
Family-type |
Of an individual person |
Business |
|
Parameters of the taken decisions |
High transparency, low responsibility |
Low responsibility |
High transparency |
High responsibility High transparency |
|
Working capacity |
The average productivity and working capacity low, low accuracy of activity. |
Low reliability and poor feeling |
High precision, the average
efficiency of work |
High productivity, high endurance
and the reliability of work |
Thus
proceeding from the acquired results it is possible to draw conclusions. The organizational peculiarities of an
enterprise in the form of the accepted organizational culture. The
detected peculiarities show that the “market” managerial paradigm which is
formed at the modern stage of development of the economy of Russia is not only
economically justified but it has a significant psychological and humanitarian
meaning- an all-side realization of human potential in work. The developed
MPQEM must be used to solve the problems of the task-oriented elimination of
the managerial behavior with low efficiency using them at least in both
directions: to select managers with the required psychological characteristics;
the change of the behavior models of the working managers who had
individual-psychological aptitude for work in the new managerial model but did
not realize it because of organizational barriers.