Pedagogical sciences

Master Student Diachenko A.S.,

North-Caucasian Federal University, Russia

The realization of the concept “patriotism” in American linguoculture

All the cognitive human activity (cognition) can be considered as the one that develops men’s skills of orientation in the world, and this activity is combined with the need to identify and distinguish the objects: concepts appear for the operations of this kind. Consequently, the formation of concepts is connected with the knowledge of peace, with molding the ideas about it.

Toward the end of XX century linguists understood that the informant – is the bearer of the specific conceptual systems. Concepts are mental essences. Each concept cares the important knowledge for a man about the world and at the same time all the unessential ideas are rejected. The system of concepts forms the world-image (view of the world), where the understanding of reality, its special conceptual “figure” are reflected on basis of which a man understands the world. The explication of the process of conceptualization and the content of concept is available for the linguist only, the informant himself. Thus, on the boundary of millennia the problem of mentality comes to the foreground in linguistics, since concepts are mental essences.

For the outlining of the concept it is necessary to separate some signs, and do some actions with the objects, and their final goals, and the estimation of such actions. But knowing the role of all these factors, cognitive linguists nevertheless cannot answer a question, how concepts appear, just showing the process of forming the senses in the most general sense.

In the linguistics the term “concept” is an old one and a new one simultaneously. S.A. Askoldov-Alekseev in 1928 published the article called “The concept and the word”, but till the middle of XX century the notion “concept” was not a scientific term. In spite of the number of speeches of S.A. Askoldov-Alekseev on this theme, the question, that he set, wasn’t being studed [2].

Thus, concept is a semantic meaning of the name or the word, it is the unit of mental-conceptual sphere, which reflects the peculiarities of thinking, world view, culture of people, concept is the element of culture, and it is possible to penetrate in the essence of the national culture of people, to reveal its components, only through it [1].

Concept has a complex structure. Studying the structure it is possible to obtain many-sided information about the concept. The structure of concept is represented by 3 main parts: value, conceptual and descriptive. In the conceptual component it is possible to isolate three layers: the urgent basic sign, additional or several additional signs and internal form. Among the methods of describing the concept it is possible to isolate the following: the method of the definition of literal sense or internal form (study of the etymology of concept), the historical method (how concept functions in the society) and experimental methods.

Conceptosphere – is a field of cognitive means, units of the universal object code, which are the structured knowledge of people, their information base, and the semantic field of language – is a part of conceptosphere, which was expressed in the system of lingual signs.

Concept “patriotism” in American linguoculture can be estimated as ultra-patriotism. The reasons lie in the historical development of American society. A number of state, social- philosophical, political concepts are assumed as the basis of the complex of American principles, values and ideas of military, political, economic, moral-psychological and purely ethical nature. First of all this is the concept of the “superiority of the American way of life”. It is called to contribute to the production of a feeling of pride for its country, its achievements. Concept considers “the best” the number of the USA moral standards, national nature, and traditions. It contributes to formation in the Americans “the religion of the American way of life”, which requires protection, including the protection with the Armed Forces.

It should be noted that American patriotism is characterized by the fact that it is directed not toward the territory of living, not to the people, but to the system of the ideas, which are concerned public life.

For the purpose of training patriotism, in the USA all the channels of information-psychological influence are widely used. However, the film industry of the USA - Hollywood, undoubtedly, is beyond comparison, since the cinema traditionally occupies a special position in the life of American society. The film industry panders to the active operation of the military topic, to the formation of the “correct” image of the American Armed Forces and it constantly supports patriotic moods in the American society.

After passing rather short way of development the USA represents the mixture of many nations, which found here the native land. As a result of such training, a special perceptibility to the national prestige, to entire American, the faithfulness to their country regardless of the fact if it is right or not, are formed.

Literature:

1. Karasik V.I. Language circle: personality, concepts, discourse. Monograph. – Volgograd: Peremena, 2002. – 477 p.

2. Lihachev D.S. Conceptosphere of Russian language // News of Russian Academy of Sciences. Ser. lit. and lang. Vol. 52. 1993, №1. – P. 3-9.