Clay Suspensions Stabilization by the Water Soluble Poly - Electrolytes Koblanova O., Abzalova D., Mahambetova K., Abramova G.

International Kazakh-Turkish University named after H.A. Yassavi

Shymkent Institute

Water – soluble poly – electrolytes (WSPE) are of high interest of the high molecular compounds organic class, due to the ability to combine both properties of the polymers and electrolytes.

The characteristics mentioned provides for the existence of some special properties, which appear during interaction with different disperse systems and allows to use the poly-electrolytes in different spheres of national economy. Due to the solutions viscosity properties and polarity of the ion functional groups WSPE may be successfully used as the thickeners of the natural and synthetic latex while dressing of the printing colours dressing, as the stabilizer for increasing the stability of the disperse systems, and as flocculants for purification of the dirty sewage, dehydration and thickening of the ore pulp, as stabilizers for increasing the stability of disperse systems.

Poly electrolytes reveal the coagulant and fluctuating characteristics in the low concentrations, which leads to their using as purifier of the dirty sewage, as intensifier of the phase process division, as improvement for the precipitation filtration properties in different technical suspensions. Poly– electrolytes fluctuating characteristics is mostly efficient in the purification of waters containing heavy metal ions. The latter are successfully removed from the sewage waters by their transition into the insoluble compounds of the metal hydroxide type or the basic salts.

However, the synthetic poly – electrolytes of high concentration are mostly used as disperse systems stabilizers, mainly for manufacturing of the stable washing liquids, which are exploited in the drilling of boreholes. WSPE additives into the many compounded poly disperse system (clay suspensions) provide for the water output decreasing, aggregate stability and tixotropness increasing of the latter, and improve the protecting properties of the electrolytes (coagulators) from the aggressive influence of the high face temperatures and pressure. So, the stabilizers additives used should be thermo- and salt resistant. As far as the drilling works volume for oil, gas and solid mineral resources is increasing, the problem of manufacturing of qualitative thermo- resistant liquids is very actual; it concerns the problem of choosing and synthesis of the effective thermo- and salt resistant surfactants.

The national economy widely uses the high molecular polymer surfactants as the reagents – regulators of the characteristics of the production important disperse systems.

According to the main strategy of the national economy economical and social development till 2030 Kazakhstan Republic President declared to widely use low wastes, no wastes, and power saving technology. The main role in solving this problem belongs to the formation of technological processes, lowering the industrial discharge into the environment and providing the complex utilization of the raw materials.

Development and production of high molecular surfactant additives based on the polymer wastes of the ‘Nitron’ fiber production is of great research and practical interest as well as their application as regulators of the washing disperse systems properties. [1].

Formation of the thermal- and salt resistant drilling solutions with the stable coagula- -tixothrope structure is necessary for supporting the ever growing volume of the drilling works and the increasing depth of drilling. Usually the clay, the natural raw material is used for this purpose, for it possesses the definite crystal and particle design, which provide for the aggregate- stable structure formation in the system (for example, paligorskit). Other clays usage is possible if the effective structure forming clays are not available, but hey should be added with the low – and high molecular surfactants, which control the stability of the coagula - tixothrope structure in the washing system [2].

Imported clay powders and high expensive chemical reagents /KMC, GIPAN, PAA and others/ are still used for preparation of the washing clay suspensions in Kazakhstan. But our republic possesses great deposits of clay raw materials. There is a new deposit – Darbasi- which is now used only as the raw material for the ceramzite, along with the well known deposits such as Monrack and Keless. Their practical exploitation in the other spheres of national economy is limited because of the lack of data about the physical, chemical, structural-mechanical and tixothrope characteristics of these clays water dispersions; besides this the water soluble polymers are not produced in our republic, though the raw resources as the large-sized lignin containing wastes of the hydrolyze production and coals of the Lenger’s deposit are available [1]. The latter may be characterized by the low manufacturing cost, transportability, ecologically protective properties, availability of the gumine compounds, capable to easily extract and produce water soluble surfactant additives – stabilizers.

The wastes of the fiber ‘Nitron’ and fragrant carbon hydrogen phenol were used for obtaining of the modified water soluble poly electrolyte K-9_ph .

A synthesized product is a viscous liquid of the colour from yellow to dark-brown.

The basic characteristics of the source and synthesized polymer specimen were studied by the physical and chemical investigation methods (hydrogen indicator, specified viscosity and conductivity). We have stated the direct dependence of viscosity and environment pH from the concentration of the polymer produced.

Viscosity and pH were stated to increase with the rising of the modified polymer concentration, and the equivalent conductivity is decreased.

Thus, the research results testify to the fact, that the soluble polymer produced refers to the poly functional poly ampholits and that it reveals the colloid-chemical properties in the solutions which are typical for the poly-electrolytes.

Reference:

1. Koblanova O.N. Thesis for Cand. Science (Chemistry). Synthesis and study of the colloid-chemical properties of the anion acryl gumat poly-electrolytes. – Almaty: Kazakh State National university after Al-Farabi, 1995. – 134p.

2. Satayev I.K., Akhmedov K.S. Water soluble electrolytes in drilling. – Tashkent: FAN. – 1983. – p.150.

3. Kurenkov V.F., Myagchenko V.A. // Polymeric Materials Encyclopedia. Boca Raton (Fla): CRC Press Inc., 1996. – Vol.1.

4. Kurenkov V.F. in: Handbook of Engineering Polymeric Materials. Ch.3. Morganville, N.J.: Marcel Dekker, 1976. – P.61-72.