Medical sciences / public health
services
As. prof. Dubitskiy A.A.
Medical university Astana, Kazakhstan
INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY IN WORK OF THE FIRST HELP
The first help takes a special place in structure of
the organization of medical aid. From that as quickly sick medical assistance
will be rendered the forecast of disease and life of the patient depends.
Organizational approaches available for today don't allow authentically and to
carry out in a complex the analysis and an estimation of existing system and to
carry out synthesis of more perfect system of rendering of emergency medical
aid.
In the decision of this problem the great value is
given to information technology in service of the first help as these
technologies give to the given kind of medical aid mobile and urgent character
[1].
Now in the advanced countries have received
acknowledgement of the practical importance and following programming-technical
decisions are actively applied in activity of service of the first help:
- The information systems automating work of station
of the first help;
- Navigating systems;
- The elements of television medicine applied in work
of brigades of the first help.
Integration of the listed directions into a uniform
technological component of work of establishment of the first help promotes
management efficiency increase, facilitates realization of functions of
planning.
Complex
automation of work of station of the first help.
As complex automation of object, as a rule, understand
transfer of the majority of business processes of object into computer
technologies. Complex automation unites systems of planning, control,
management and the account. With reference to work of station of the first help
of means of automation should support all work cycle of work: from reception
and distribution of calls before statistical processing of the information, and
also formation of the schedule of dresses, the account of medicines, and
automation of auxiliary sites.
The information system should have functions of
quality assurance and the analysis of activity of station and its divisions for
any time interval, to form the data for answers to inquiries of establishments
and the population concerning first aid rendering.
Within the limits of uniform system problems are
solved:
- Reception and registration of calls arriving from
the population (the fast and urgent help, planned and emergency
transportations);
- Automatic arrangement of the accepted calls is
perfectly in order приоритетности
their service;
- Operative processing of all accepted calls in a mode
of real time;
- Tracking a site and a rolling stock condition, time
control;
- The account of the filled cards of a call;
- Automatic closing of change;
- Reception of a statistical report for days;
- Scheduling of work and registration of deviations
from it;
- The account of the expense of medicines and
dressings;
- Conducting the special documentation;
- The account of fuel consumption of ambulances;
- Formation and the press of the regulated statistical
reports;
- Formation of any analytical reports for planning and
management problems.
With a view of increase of efficiency of interaction,
both in a usual mode, and in a mode of emergency situations, integration with
information systems of services of emergency reaction (the Ministry of Internal
Affairs, the Ministry of Emergency Measures, the Center of medicine of
accidents etc.) should be provided.
The automated system allows to obtain the concrete
data about work of each doctor, a brigade, change, substation and station in
whole, in any time interval (month, quarter, year) and gives the chance to
heads of all levels and ranks to estimate dynamics of indicators of work and
corresponding division and a link to establish the reasons of undesirable
deviations from specifications, operatively to influence those links where it
is revealed or the deviation from target indicators and indicators of use of
means is expected.
Application of
technologies of satellite navigation.
Means of satellite navigation take root in our country everywhere. In
particular, one of popular directions of work is equipment by receivers GPS of
ambulance cars. It brings not only economic benefit, but also is irreplaceable
system at rescue of life and health of people. Integration of satellite system
with the automated system of station of the first help allows dispatchers to
supervise a site of brigades of first aid, a direction of movement and a stock
of fuel of each sanitary motor vehicle of
"first aid" at level of all regions. Introduction of the
navigating decision allows optimizing time of decision-making of sending of a
brigade for a call that, in turn, gives the chance to cut operational and
budgetary expenses and also even more to reduce time of arrival of brigades of
medical aid to the patient or the victim.
Also important advantage of the given system is
optimization of charges of a motor pool by means of the account and control of
all economic indicators. The decision allows defining a site of brigades of
first aid in a mode of real time, to lay movement routes to the specified
address and to form the electronic file of departures with instructions of time
of their arrival on a call and departure. Automatic selection of the ambulance
cars being most close to a place of a call and having corresponding medical
specialization thus is supposed. By a tentative estimation of experts, the
system can pay off in half a year after installation.
Television
medicine and first aid.
In Kazakhstan the television medicine is recognized by
one of three basic directions of social application of telecommunication
technologies, in many regions the television medical centers are created.
Television medical technologies actively take root into system of the
stationary help.
Decisions on equipment of ambulance cars by the
equipment which allows using in work of brigades of first aid elements of
television medicine are interesting [2]. In ambulance car big cities are
equipped by communication systems and navigation GLONASS. Among its functions -
control of a site and a crew route, and also information transfer about pulse,
pressure and other data of the patient on a supervisory console in hospital.
Potentially it should give to doctors time for preparation for reception of the
patient.
Example of introduction of elements of television
medicine in work of brigades of first aid is also use of the telemetering
electrocardiograph - the transmitter, capable to combine record of several
cardiograms of the patient with an immediate signal transmission on mobile
communication in the remote diagnostic center for consultation in not clear
cases and decision-making on transportation of the patient in medical institution.
The operative exception of a cardiological pathology by means of the record of
the electrocardiogram transferred on mobile communication allows to carry out
correct differentiated diagnostics and to accept the right decision on
rendering of medical aid to patients without a call of a specialized
cardiological brigade. Thereby, the considerable economy of means is carried
out, cardiological brigades don't go on unreasonable calls and have possibility
of more time to give to heavy cardiological patients.
Thus, modern information technology, a level of
development of communication facilities allow to realize new algorithms of work
of service of the first help in practice, considerably to improve the basic
indicators of activity, such as efficiency, quality and level of rendering of
medical aid.
literature:
1. Materials of VIII All-Russia
scientifically-practical conference on theoretical bases of designing and
working out of the distributed information systems. Moscow, 2010. - With.
196-206.
2. Materials of
VII International conference «Television medicine - Experience and
prospects» (Donetsk. - 2011).