Tofan A.L.
Donetsk National University
EVALUATION
OF EFFECTIVENESS OF REGION MANAGEMENT
One of the ways of
qualitative building of the own management system is studying the world’s
experience and the modern tendencies that exist and which are the guideline for
the authoritative experts, forming the programs of the countries’ development.
The worldwide development orientation according to the regional principle is
the modern conception of the social-economic systems development. But it’s
necessary to realize the difference between the meaning of the concept «region»,
and the main factors which characterize the development of the social-economic
system.
The aim of the
theses is systematizing of the existing criteria of evaluation of the region
management effectiveness and projection of the modern world tendencies in
evaluation of regional development upon the Ukrainian reality.
For forming of
effective regional management mechanisms it’s necessary to have the system of
factors and leverages which allow to value the influence upon the improvement
or worsening of the economic indicators of the region and to realize the
efficient interference in its development. Creation of such factors system must
be founded on the existing world’s experience of state regional management. Territorial
development management in the national and world practice concerns the problem
(depressed) areas at first, which appear as a result of the regional
development peculiarities, regional differences, in particular the inequality
and disproportion in the development of the regions, which are caused by
different historical-geographical preconditions of economic mastering of
eastern and western territories, natural-resort potential, population settling
and demographic situation.
The common criterion
of depressed area development effectiveness evaluation in Ukraine is gross
extra cost per one person, in RF and European Union – production slump in the
main branch of economics. For the management effectiveness evaluation on the
regional level in Ukraine (regions are classified into regions, industrial
regions, rural areas and cities of regional importance) the gross extra cost
indicators are used, and also the level of unemployment, the level of the
average salary.
In EU the
simplified classification between the regional formations (poorly developed,
structurally weak) is used and the management indicators such as GDP (gross
domestic product) per one person, unemployment level, quantity of industry
workers.
For the regional
development effectiveness rise, more effective usage of its natural-resort
potential, it’s necessary to improve the existing technologies and apply or
adopt the new ones, innovations, methods of evaluation etc.
Table-comparative
description of state management experience in regional development.
|
Ukraine |
||||
|
Classification of regions |
Regions |
Industrial regions |
Rural areas |
Cities of regional
importance |
|
Regional evaluation criteria |
Indicators of gross extra
cost per one person for 5 years |
Unemployment level; part of
industry workers; amount of industrial production per one person for the last
3 years |
Density of rural population;
increase of population; part of agriculture workers for the last 3 years |
Unemployment level; level of
average salary for the last 3 years. |
|
Instruments of state
stimulation |
Agreement about regional
development Program of overcoming of
depressive territories Strategy of social-economic
development of the territory |
|||
|
Forms of stimulation |
Special law regimes for the
investment activity (FEZ) Target state investment into
infrastructure development Programs of support for the
development of the small enterprise Help with employment of
population, investment in programs of retraining and professional development |
|||
|
Consultative and
deliberative bodies |
State commission in
depressive territories problems Agencies of regional
development (ARD) |
|||
|
European Union |
||||
|
Classification of regions |
Poorly developed |
Structurally weak: rural
territories urbanized territories |
||
|
Regional evaluation criteria |
·
GDP per one person (lower than 75% of average size in European Union) · Density of
population (less than 8 persons per sq.km.) Regions with these problems
are shown separately |
· level of
unemployment; · part of
industrial workers; dynamics
of industry · density of
population (less than 100 persons per sq.km.); · part of
agriculture workers; level of unemployment |
||
|
Instruments of state
stimulation |
Regional development plan,
which is founded on the strategy partnership between the central government,
local bodies of power, business and social organizations |
|||
|
Forms of stimulation |
Program-target approach to
regional development management |
|||
|
Consultative and
deliberative bodies |
Structure funds of EU |
|||
As the state
economics management is based on planned principles, as foundations of certain
management form, it, synthesizing with other elements of management, gives it
qualitatively new characteristics. Planning occupies a leading place in the
management structure because planning gives the opportunity to balance the
society influence on the system of the market economy beforehand, which puts
its imprint on the management in general. Planning gives the opportunity to
connect all the elements of management as the target system. Practice shows
that the decisions which are made without taking into consideration the
elements of planning, lead to the increase of expenses.
In the conditions
of the market economics forming of the new model of regional management can’t
be founded only on the different forms and methods of state regulation of
regional economics, which could help strengthening of the general economic
space, leveling of social-economic regional development, their economic growth
and persistent social development. Creation of effective mechanism of regional
social-economic development management with taking in consideration the world’s
experience is necessary.