Poet - warrior of the Kazakh people.

Кульбаева М.М., А.Байтұрсынов атындағы Қостанай мемлекеттік университетінің аға оқытушысы , филология магистрі

Poet - warrior - so called in the Kazakh people who actually proved their determination and courage, the ability to protect the injured and the disadvantaged. So called and called the great poet Makhambet Utemisov. Soon began to get involved in oral poetry, and his talent as a poet - improviser has found many admirers among the popular masses. Makhambet (Mohamed) Utemisov born in 1803 in the Urals in the big family of the nomad. Despite the poverty, his father Otemis made sure that the sons were educated. Makhambet knew ancient Turkic , Tatar and Russian languages . While Kazakh people lived especially hard. His oppressed Kazakh khans and bais , Russian officials have sent the king : selected the best pastures , cattle, made from dawn to dusk toil on the bais . People could not long endure all the hardships of poverty and injustice. People join in teams, raided the estates of the rich. Insurgent forces grew day by day. Old and young were going to fight for freedom and justice. At the head of all the troops were brave warrior and poet Issatay Taimanov Makhambet Utemisov. Makhambet Utemisov wrote a lot of poems and songs of the courageous rebels, the campaigns and battles of the leader of the people Issatayev Taimanov. Name Makhambet damask blade stuck in the national memory - so that the rust of time or trying to pull him into oblivion and were powerless. Makhambet properly appreciated cynically frantic tsarist colonial policy, expressed in the desire to abolish the political independence of the steppe country, its power structures (initially in the form of removal of the traditional council of elders, and then Khan's power). He correctly «saw through «temporary and illusory puppet government steppe «kings» and even predicted Khan Zhangir his ignominious and tragic end. Besides the question of power (or will), while acute was the land question. Capture ancestral tribal and nomadic tribal lands in the area between the Urals and the Volga Khan , sultans , their henchmen and Cossacks led to mass migration of the Kazakh villages on the left bank of the Urals , which was extremely beneficial tsarist government in all respects. Tsarist Russia to seize the rich and vast land, settle on them Cossacks abolished Institute Khanate, and exterminate the entire race Zhangir (to eliminate recurrence of succession meanly poisoned almost all khans heirs except his two sons, who took Russian citizenship). Amazingly, almost all of this process was foreseen poet, fully demonstrate political insight. Talking about this practice and the lyrics of the Makhambet. For example, the fact that he lived for some time in the rate of Khan, was a mentor to his son, did not mean to Zhangir friendly affection. Likely Makhambet while in captivity illusions about the possibility of being together with Khan under the banner of national independence and unity of the idea, but soon he was convinced of their utopian hopes. Until the very last moment he convinces Zhangir in need of consolidation and Horde forces splinter tribal communities led by Isatai. Realizing the futility of these attempts, by virtue of their conscious principled positions, he openly sided with the interests of the masses. Split acquired character dissected and deadly confrontation escalated into an armed uprising, which should be classified as anti-feudal in form, but not narodnoosvoboditelnoe and national liberation content. A special role is played in the uprising Makhambet. He was not only a leader, captain, manager, but also herald and its ideology. Namely protection of people's interests and fight for them Makhambet formed personality. All involved in the liberation of the nation, all our thoughts, actions, and even talent he gave life in the name of this lofty goal. Only with these products and you need to understand and assess the phenomenon know Makhambet. Makhambet poetry should be viewed as a means of an armed uprising. " Stihosekira " " strelostih " " stihostrely " " stihomech " " liroluk " etc. s epithet - neologisms most adequately express the essence of his stihostrok.Mahambet reached universal reverence not only eloquent poetic skill , but , primarily , for his wisdom and humanity , these qualities all the time akyna manifested in his works. He in his poems mainly paid attention to the socio -psychological aspects of Kazakh society, the processes occurring with the common people, justice and deception, kindness and evil. Makhambet his talent and justice won the hearts and souls of ordinary people. Sensing danger from the popularity of the poet, Khan tried to persuade him Zhangir to his side, and forbid him to write poetry against masters. Last years of life spent in the villages akin nomads. Sultan Khan and Zhangir Ayshuakov, fearing the impact on the people and Makhambet new outbreaks of riots following the poet and the most restricted his movement. The result of such action was the death Makhambet his brutally killed Khan's henchmen. There are times and times of the characters, say, heroes, and ordinary people, ordinary people who spend their forces not to make the world different, but in order to adapt to the existing conditions of life is always difficult. And if someone starts to rebel, looking at him as a man, to put it mildly, unwise, and think, and suddenly, in his mercy will be even worse. No, I would rather sit quietly and wait for better time. Makhambet different translations in more or less rapid convey the rhythm of his poems, like a herd of horses rushing, rushing like a rider in the final battle. Was not long before such songs of the Kazakhs. Sadly and slowly drove the narrative poets. But maybe something has changed in the sky over the steppe? It is not only the songs Makhambet led the people to fight. But it happens suddenly, like wind plaque turns one. Other third heart with the desire to change lives. And this will cause a review of hundreds or thousands who suddenly decide that we can no longer tolerate. Which of these times better? Hard to say. Storm because to build something new, sweeps, destroys old and to build a new, need a lot of hard work, monotonous everyday work of all . This is a different era. But woe to the people of that era, if they forget about the victims or will consider them in vain. Just looking at people heroic ages can maintain a sense that the person it sounds good. Makhambet Utemisov is a Legenda akyn, story – teller. Keeper of ancient behests Makhamber Utemisov was a wise man, an idol of poor people. He described nafure, life and traditions of simple people poetically. The most famous work of Makhambet is “Where is day?”. His innovation boundless. Considering himself a younger brother of Issatay Taimanov, who headed together with Makhambet Utemisov the revolt of the Kazakh people of Bukeev Horde against khan Djangeer’s tyranny (1836 – 1837), Kyrnangazy devoted one of his kuys “kishkentai” (“Younger”) to this event. He wrote about 200 works. They are translated into many languages. Makhambet Utemisov left memory of himself in the hearts of people with his songs and poems.

Literature

1. Makhambet. I. ie, Almaty: Nauka.2003.447str.

2. Margulan AO bearers of ancient poetic art of the Kazakh people. Almaty: Nauka.1960.

3. Magauin M.Aldaspan.Almaty: 1971.

4. Fadeev and A.Literatura zhizn.Moskva.1939.168 with.