Samarina V.P. PhD (geography)
Stary Oskol technological
institute «National research technological university MISIS»
Some features of the economic crisis
in Russia
The research
is executed at financial support of the Russian humanitarian scientific fund,
the project ¹ 09-02-55205 à/Ö
The export of raw materials has made the basis of economic well-being of
Russia in the first decade of the 21st century. As a result of spreading of the
global economic crisis, the demand and export products price have dramatically fallen.
The country was involved in the economic crisis. Thereupon, in September, 2009
the President of the Russian Federation D. A. Medvedev stated, “Twenty-year
period of rapid transformations has not delivered our country from humiliating
raw dependence… For this reason, during present crisis there is falling of the manufacture
which is greater with respect to economies in other countries. And apart from
everything else, there are exorbitant variations of stock market. It proves,
that we have not taken all necessary steps in previous period of time” [3].
The fact that falling of national produce in Russia was more significant
in comparison with other countries according to results of the first quarter of
2009 (pic. 1), confirms D.A.Medvedev's
words.
For a payment of the budgeted deficit the Government of the Russian
Federation is compelled to spend means of the Surplus Fund and the National Well-being
Fund [2]. The Surplus Fund started to
be spent in 2009 (pic.2). Its means were
used for stabilization of social and economic situation in Russia. The means of
the Fund became the financial basis of such crisis-proof programs as «The
list of priority arrangements undertaken by the government of the Russian
Federation for struggle against consequences of global financial crisis» [4], accepted
by the government of Russia in November, 2008, and «The program of crisis-proof
arrangements of the government of the Russian Federation for 2009 » [5],
accepted in April, 2009.
Pic. 1. The dynamics of gross domestic product (GDP) of
some countries (provided by the materials of All-Russian public organization
“Business Russia” [1]; the author’s accounts)
Pic. 2. The income items of the Russian
budget: 1 - oil and gas incomes; 2 – non oil and gas incomes; 3 - other sources
of expenses defrayal; 4 - means of Surplus Fund; 5 - means of National
Well-being Fund.
As a result, the present crisis has not led to any essential
demonstrations of public discontent and revival of separatist disturbances in the
1990s. in crisis conditions The primary intent of the federal center has been
completely solved, i.e. territorial integrity of the state has been kept, and social
and political stability in the country has been provided. Thus, regional
problems have not developed into problem of regions.
It is planned to direct the means of the National Well-being Fund at the
realization of the program of Russian economy modernization, which was declared
by the President of Russia D. A. Medvedev in the late 2009. By the estimate of the
Ministry of Finance of Russia [2, P. 24], the means will have been completely
spent by 2013. It is supposed, that Russian economy will have been completely
recovered from crisis and formed a new basis of sustainable development by this
time
References
1. An
output from crisis: Refusal of raw model. New industrialization. The Annual economic report of the
All-Russian public organization “Business Russia” (2009). // http://www.
deloros.ru/ http: // www.regionalistica.ru/projects/geo/
2.
Ivanitskaja N. Business of the tenth // Russian Newsweek, ¹39 (258),
2009, pp. 22-24.
3. Medvedev D.A. Russia, forward! //
http://www.gazeta.ru/comments/2009/09/10_a_3258568.shtml
4. The
list of priority arrangements undertaken by the government of the Russian
Federation for struggle against consequences of global financial crisis //
http: // premier.gov.ru/anticrisis2/
5. The program of crisis-proof arrangements of
the government of the Russian Federation for 2009 // http: //
premier.gov.ru/anticrisis/