Ec,
professor F.A. Moiseeva
A.V.
Sherbak
Donetsk
national university of economy and trade
named after
M. Tugan-Baranovsky, Ukrane
Diagnostic instruments of financial results
Ukrainian
companies, nowadays, are affected by various factors. One of which is the
uncertainty and volatility of the market situation. As a result, there is
ambiguity and the effect of risk in getting the final result of. This
uncertainty in the business often leads to crisis. The reason are inefficiency
or lack of diagnosis and general financial condition of the company and its
component - the financial performance of the diagnosis. Therefore, to prevent
the bankruptcy of domestic enterprises to carry out diagnostic work, using the
most appropriate tools of their implementation.
The diagnosis
of enterprise engaged in the following scientists: A.I. Blank, N.E.Evdokimova,
O. Oleksiuk, L. Frolova, P.A. Vasilyuk and others.
The
word "diagnosis" comes from the word "diagnosis" in Greek
means "recognition determination. Economic Encyclopedia treats the company
as an economic diagnostic analysis and assessment of economic performance on
the basis of certain results, the full information in order to clarify the
definition of reserves and prospects for its development and consequences of current
managerial decisions [2].
One of
the objectives of economic financial diagnosis are diagnosis. It allows to
determine the financial position of enterprises, to conduct a comprehensive
analysis. The results form the information for internal users - economists,
managers, owners, and for external users - lenders, investors and others.
L.
Frolova determine financial diagnostics company, as a systematic and average
for the enterprise using different methods and techniques of analysis [2]. As
part of the financial diagnosis is a diagnosis of the financial results, which
is based on the use of various tools for diagnosis.
In a
diagnosis of financial performance should use the following forms of diagnosis:
rapid diagnosis, financial evaluation of business and monitoring financial
performance.
Use of
rapid diagnosis involves the construction and analysis system of interrelated
indicators that characterize the overall financial position of enterprises in
the context of operational goals of the enterprise.
Financial
evaluation of the enterprise consists of the construction and analysis system
of interrelated indicators that indicate the degree of financial efficiency of
implementation of enterprise strategic goals.
Monitoring
the financial performance of the current activity is to analyze and control the
activities of a limited number of parameters that characterize the performance,
and help in a timely manner to identify deficiencies and adverse trends likely
deterioration in the operating efficiency of enterprises.
Financial
analysis is a rather complex process, which has its own technology. It is a
sequence of steps to identify the causes of deterioration of the enterprise and
ways to optimize it.
The
process of financial diagnostics company consists of three main stages. The
first stage evaluates the current condition of the company and its changes over
the previous period. Performed work on characteristics of businesses in the
current period and the dynamics are determined acceptable parameters of the
company for existing conditions and poor options that require surgical
intervention and correction.
One of
the objectives of this phase is to determine the tolerance level of reduction
ratios. Problems in the financial condition of the enterprise arising if the
coefficients are below the acceptable level. Reduced co ¬ coefficient within
acceptable values need to clarify the reasons decline, rather than causes of
problems [3].
The
second stage is to determine the causes that led to changes in financial
condition of the company. At this stage the indicators of changes to clarify
the reasons and possible ways of their optimization. Should be established as
causes of problems and reasons for success. It is important, it is the
definition of the plane are those reasons - performance or use of the results,
what actions the enterprise or changing external environment have led to them.
On this
basis, we can formulate several reasons for problems arising in financial
position of the enterprise. Among these reasons are: lack of potential to keep
an acceptable level of financial condition; low volumes the received profit,
inefficient management performance, or all together.
The
third, final stage, is developing the Programme of Action for the future. At
this stage, formed the final set of administrative guidelines, decisions,
implementation of which will improve and strengthen the financial position of
the enterprise. Combinations of solutions could be quite diverse and vary by
dates.
Based
on the above, it should be noted that the unstable situation of the domestic
market enterprises is very important to diagnose its financial activities are
part of the diagnosis of financial results. It allows for a systematic approach
to conduct a detailed diagnosis of the financial results from operating,
investing, financial activity, receive for the accurate and complete
information, which serves as a base for developing and implementing effective
management solutions.
Literature
1.
Н.Г. Міценко, У.П. Сорока Фінансовий аналіз, як метод
діагностики фінансового стану підприємства[Електронний ресурс]. – Електронні текстові дані
(80 Кбайт). – Режим доступа <http://www.nbuv.gov.ua>.
2.
Фролова Л.В. Економічна діагностика діяльності підприємств: методичний та
практичний інструментарій: Навч. посіб. – Донецьк: ДонНУЕТ ім. М.
Туган-Барановського, 2007. – 158с.
3. Інструментарій
діагностики фінансових результатів діяльності
підприємства [Електронний ресурс]. – Електронні текстові дані
(60 Кбайт). – Режим доступа < http://www.rusnauka.com >.